IJPR.2022.129

Type of Article:  Case Study

Volume 10; Issue 4 (August 2022)

Page No.: 4295-4303

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2022.129

Effects of Ba-Duan-Jin Based Deep Breathing on Multimorbidity: A Case Study

Howe Liu *^1,3, Ken Miller ², Eric Arguello ³.

^*1 Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, Texas 76107.

² Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, Texas 76107

³ Department of Physical Therapy, Allen College, 1825 Logan Ave, Waterloo, Iowa, 50703.

ORCiD:

Howe Li: 0000-0002-6021-4153

Kenneth Miller: 0000-0002-1396-7558

Eric Arguello: 0000-0002-6307-1944

Corresponding Author: Howe Liu, PT, PhD, Department of Physical Therapy, Allen College, 1825 Logan Ave., Waterloo, IA, 50703 Phone: 1- (319) 226-2014 E-Mail: hao.liu@allencollege.edu

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Interventions for older adults with multiple medical diagnoses may need to have a more general focus that can be applied across a broad range of medical conditions. Ba-Duan-Jin (BDJ), a non-disease specific Tai Chi-QI Gong based mind-body training coordinated with deep breathing, may be a good choice.

Case Description:  A 79-year-old white female patient, with diagnoses of cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, and perceived sleep dysfunctions, was referred for consultation of geriatric rehabilitation for poor endurance and balance in a senior living retirement complex where rehabilitation services were provided. A BDJ-based deep diaphragmatic breathing (DDB) progressive training was provided 45-50 minutes each time and 3 times a week for 6 months. At the baseline, the end of 3^rd and 6^th month of this study, this patient was assessed with the Barthel index for activity of daily living, 1-minute heart rate recovery, Pittsburg sleep quality index, head elevation during sleeping, 4-stage balance, and 2-minute walk test. At the end of 3^rd and 6th month, the patient was able to have improved strength, endurance, balance, cardiorespiratory function, gastral regurgitation, and activities of daily living. The mechanism of the beneficial effects of BDJ-based deep breathing in this case was discussed with body mechanical and anatomical consideration.

Key words: Older adults, Ba-Duan-Jin, Tai Chi, Multimorbidity, Diaphragmatic anatomy.

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