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IJPR.2017.102

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Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 5; Issue 2 (April 2017)

Page No.: 1920-1925

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2017.102

ASSOCIATION OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND BODY MASS INDEX WITH BALANCE AND MOBILITY IN YOUNG FEMALE ADULTS: A HYPOTHESIS

Sarala Khangare *1, Bhavana Mhatre 2, Amita Mehta 3.

*1 PhD Scholar, Physiotherapy School and Centre, Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.

2Associate Professor, Physiotherapy School and Centre, Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.

3 Professor and Head of Department, Physiotherapy School and Centre, Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Address of Correspondence: Dr. Sarala Khangare (PT), Physiotherapy School and Centre, Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India. E-Mail: saral.machhirke@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Obesity and osteoporosis poses major health problems in India. Both have multifactorial etiologies including genetic and environmental factors. Osteopenia seems to start at an early age of 20 years in Indian female Population and after 35 years there is a sharp decline in bone mineral density with peak at old age. Recent studies show that low bone mineral density (BMD) and high body mass index (BMI) impairs physical function and may cause morbidity and mortality in older adults. However, there is a need to evaluate association of BMI and BMD with balance and mobility in young adults, so that risk factors can be modified and effective treatment strategies to improve BMD and BMI can be incorporated in young age.

Materials and Methods: Analytical correlational study includes 450 female participants in the age group of 20-40 years. BMI is calculated using height and weight measurements. BMD is measured by Ultrasound bone densitometer. For tests of balance and mobility, narrow walk test, obstacle walk test, figure-of-8 walk test, and gait speed is used.

Hypothesis: Risk factors such as dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle, decreased sun exposure, hormonal imbalance due to stress etc can result in decrease in BMD and increase in BMI in young female adults. Also, biomechanical and neurophysiological changes that occurs in osteoporosis and obesity can affect balance and mobility. We hypothesized that, decrease in BMD and increase in BMI can affect or impair balance in young female adults.

Clinical Importance: This study will help to create awareness socially in younger females about risk factors of osteopenia, osteoporosis and obesity and its detrimental effects on functional mobility in females. Therapeutic exercises and changes in diet and lifestyle can be incorporated in young age accordingly that will help them to achieve optimum healthy bone mass and body weight improving their health and quality of life in future.

Key words:  Bone Mineral Density, Osteoporosis, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Balance, Mobility.

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Cite this article: Sarala Khangare, Bhavana Mhatre, Amita Mehta. ASSOCIATION OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND BODY MASS INDEX WITH BALANCE AND MOBILITY IN YOUNG FEMALE ADULTS: A HYPOTHESIS. Int J Physiother Res 2017;5(2):1920-1925. DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2017.102
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