IJAR.2018.307
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 6; Issue 3.3 (Septmber 2018)
Page No.: 5625-5631
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.307
A SPECTRUM OF VERTEBRAL FUSION DEFECTS
Prabahita baruah 1, Krishna Kanta Biswas 2, Pradipta Ray Choudhury *3.
1 Assistant professor, department of Anatomy, Silchar Medical College, Assam, India.
2 Demonstrator, department of Anatomy, Silchar Medical College, Assam, India.
*3 Assistant professor, department of Anatomy, Silchar Medical College, Assam, India.
Address for correspondence: Dr. Pradipta Ray Choudhury, Assistant professor, department of Anatomy, Silchar Medical College, Assam, India. E-Mail: prcanatomist@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Any congenital or acquired abnormality in the vertebral column is of interest for radiologist, orthopedician, forensic pathologist, neurologist and clinical anatomist. Such abnormality in the vertebrae may be either asymptomatic or may limit our movements because of the important structures related to them.
During the osteology demonstration session for medical undergraduate students, we have found a few abnormal vertebrae of different regions of the spinal column.
The clinical implications and embryological significance of these specimens is discussed here.
Key words: Vertebral Synostosis, Sacralisation, Lumbarisation, Occipitalisation.
REFERENCES
- Ruth Wynne-Davies. Congenital vertebral anomalies: aetiology and relationship to spina bifida cystica. Journal of Medical Genetics 1975; 12:280.
- Thomas D, Kulkarni BG. A case of fusion of thoracic vertebra. Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine 2013; 1 (5): 23-26.
- Frederick F, Vandermark RE. “Sagittal Cleft (Butterfly) Vertebrae.” Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery1945: 695–698.
- Kulkarni V, Ramesh BR. A spectrum of vertebral synostosis. International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, 2012; 2(2): 71-77.
- Soni P, Sharma V, Sengupta J. Cervical vertebral anomalies- incidental findings on lateral cephalograms. The Angle Orthodontist 2008; 78(1): 176-180.
- Guebert GM, Yochum TR, Rowe LJ. Congenital anomalies and normal skeleton variants. In: Yochum TR, Rowe LJ, eds. Essentials of Skeletal Radiology. Baltimore. Williams & Wilkins; 1987. p. 197–306.
- Tun K, Okutan O, Kaptanoglu E, Gok B, Solaroglu I, Beskonakli E. Inverted hypertrophy of occipitalcondyles associated with atlantooccipital fusion and basilar invagination: a case report. Neuroanatomy 2004; 3: 43–45.
- Elster AD. Bertolotti’s syndrome revisited transitional vertebrae of the lumbar spine. Spine 1989;14(12):1373-7
- Khairnar KB, Rajale MB. Sacralization of Lumbar Vertebra. Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research 2013; 2(6):510-514.
- Saha DK, Dasgupta H, Biswas S, Paul M, Ghosh R. et. al. Sacralization of the 5th lumbar vertebra and elongated sacral hiatus. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research 2014; 3(3):95-99.
- Moore KL, Persaud TVN. The Developing Human: Clinically oriented embryology. 8th Philadelphia: Saunders; 2009. p350
- Wazir S, Mahajan A. Fusion of axis with third cervical vertebra-a case report. Indian J Fundamental Appl Sci 2011; 1 (4): 164-166.
- Erdil H, Yildiz N, Cimen M. Congenital fusion of cervical vertebrae and its clinical significance. Journal of Anatomical Society of India 2003; 52(2): 125-127.
- Sherekar SK, Yadav YR, Basoor AS, Baghel A, Adam N. Clinical implications of alignment of upper and lower cervical spine. Neurological society of India 2006; 54: 264-267.
- Nazeer M et al., Fusion of Typical Thoracic Vertebrae: A Case Report .Sch. J. App. Med. Sci. 2015; 3(1A):24-28.
- Jadhav SD, Ambali MP, Patil RJ, Doshi MA, Roy PP. Assimillation of atlas in Indian dry skulls. JKIMSU. 2012;1:102–6.
- Al Kaissi A, Ghachem MB, Nassib N, Ben Chechida F, Kozlowski K; Spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome (with a posterior midline unsegmented bar). Pub Med Skeletal Radiology 2005; 34(6): 364-6.
- Bhargava S. Radiological Differential Diagnosis. 1st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers. 2005. p528.
- Gunderson CH, Greenspan RH, Glaser GH, Lubs HA. The Klippel Feil syndrome: genetic and clinical re-evaluation of cervical fusion. Medicine 1967; 46: 491-512.
- Adibatti M, Asha K. Lumbarisation of the first sacral vertebra a rare form of lumbosacral transitional vertebra. Int. J. Morphol. 2015; 33(1):48-50.
- Sharma VA, Sharma DK, Shukla CK, Osteogenic study of lumbosacral transitional vertebra in central india region. J. Anat Soc India. 2011; 60(2):212-17.
- Wazir S. Sacralisation of Lumbar Vertebrae, Int J Anat Res 2014; 2(2):386-89.
- Wellik DM, Capecchi MR. Hox 10 and Hox 11 genes are required to globally pattern the mammalian skeleton. Science 2005; 301(5631): 363-367.
- Williams, PC. The lumbosacral spine, emphasizing conservative management. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company 1965. 27-32.
- Cheng JS, Song JK. Anatomy of the sacrum. Focus 2003; 15(2):3.
- Meschan I. An Atlas of Anatomy Basic to Radiology. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders. 1985. p.511-2.
- Darathi K, Nagar SK, Ojaswini M, Dipali T, Paras S, Sucheta P. A study of sacralisation of fifth lumbar vertebra in Gujrat. National Journal of Medical Research 2012;2(2):211-3.
- Magora A, Schwartz A. Relation between the low back pain syndrome and X-ray findings.Transitional vertebra (mainly sacralization) Scan J Rehabil Med 1978, 10: 135-45.
- Basaloglu HK. et al., Spina Bifida: Morphological Features, Molecular Regulations and Signal Pathways: J Spine 2017; 6(1):1-6.
- Salim D, Mohammed AE, Alla AM. Spina bifida in Sudan. J Neurol Neurosci. 2014; 5: 1-8.