https://www.ijmhr.org/ijar.htm editor_anatomy@ijmhr.org
ISSN:       2321-4281 (E) 2321-8967 (P)

IJAR.2018.275

DOWNLOAD PDF
Table of Contents

Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 6; Issue 3.2 (August 2018)

Page No.: 5538-5543

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.275

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF PYRAMIDAL LOBE AND LEVATOR GLANDULAE THYROIDAE AND ITS SURGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Rajashree  Sheelawant  Raut *1, Shailendra  Sachhidanand  Jadhav 2, Pramod  Raghunath  Kulkarni 3.

*1 Associate  Professor, Department of Anatomy, R.C.S.M.Govt. Medical  College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

2 Professor, Department of Anatomy, R.C.S.M.Govt. Medical College,Kolhapur,Maharashtra, India.

3 Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr. V.M.Govt.  Medical  College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India.

Corresponding Author: Rajashree  Sheelawant  Raut,  Associate  Professor, Department of Anatomy, R.C.S.M.Govt. Medical  College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. E-Mail: drrautrajashree@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: The thyroid gland is an important endocrine gland in human body , thyroid disorder  being the  common health problem affecting  almost  5% of  the population. Incomplete removal of thyroid gland may  cause recurrence of disease and it could be dangerous when complete removal of gland tissue is indicated in  Grave’s disease  or malignant  carcinoma . Remains of pyramidal lobe ,the cause. Hence its necessary to know the true incidence of anatomic variants of  thyroid viz , pyramidal lobe or levator glandulae thyroidae   to perform safe and effective surgery.

Aims: To study  the morphological  variations of  lobes of  thyroid gland . viz. pyramidal lobe, levator glandulae  thyroidae  and  its incidence in  western  maharashtra  population.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted on total of 60 thyroid glands(male-34, female-26) collected during routine dissection from adult cadavers of  both sexes aged more than 18 yrs in the department of anatomy ,B. J. government medical college , Pune.  A cross sectional descriptive type of study was performed.

Results: Pyramidal lobe was found  in 25% cases , more common in females (30.76%), than males (20.58%) . Levator glandulae thyroidae was seen in (38.33%)  cases, more common in females (38.46%)  than males (38.23%) . Pyramidal lobe was mostly originated from center of isthmus (46.6%)  and least from right end of isthmus (6.66%) . In  pyramidal lobe, length and breadth were more in males whereas thickness was more in females. Maximum  73.9% LGT  seen were  muscular in texture followed by fibromuscular , fibrous respectively. Maximum number of  LGT seen were  extending from pyramidal lobe to hyoid bone (43.47%), followed by either lobe of thyroid gland to hyoid bone . All dimentions of LGT were  more in males. PL associated with LGT was  seen in  23.33% cases , males 20.59%  and females  26.92% , thus showing female preponderance.

Conclusion: The study highlights the  incidence of pyramidal lobe and levator glandulae thyroidae which is important to  keep  in mind  for successful  thyroid  surgeries to   prevent recurrence of diseases .

Key Words:  Pyramidal lobe (PL),  Levator  glandulae  thyroidae (LGT), Thyroid gland morphometry.

REFERENCES

  1. Standring S, Herold E, Healy J C, Johnson D, Williams A.Neck, Gray’s Anatomy – The anatomical basis of clinical practice. 39th Elsevier Churchill Livingstone;2005. PP. 560-64.
  2. Hoyes AD, Kershaw DR 1985 cited in Dr. S Monica Diana, Dr. Ramesh Kumar Subramanian and Dr. S Senthil Kumar .Morphometric features of thyroid gland : A detailed cadaveric study .International Journal of Applied Research 2016;2(9):856-859.
  3. Tanriover, N.Comunoglu, B.Eren, C. Comunoglu, N.Turkmen, S.Bilgen, et al. Morphometric features of thyroid gland : a cadaveric study of Turkish people. Folia Morphol 2011;70(2):103-108.
  4. Savitha Veerahanumaiah, K.R.Dakshayani, Sharada B. Menasinkai. Morphological variations of thyroid gland .Int J Res Med Sci.2015 Jan ;3(1):53 -57.
  5. Emin Gurleyik, Gunay Guelryik,Sami Dogan, Utku Kobek, Fuat Cetin, and Ufuk Onsal . Pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland : Surgical anatomy in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy . Anatomy Research International ,2015, Article ID 384148, 5 Pages.
  6. Ranade A V, Rai R, Pai M M , Nayak S R , Prakash, Krisnamurthy  A, et al. Anatomical variations of thyroid gland :possible surgical implications . Singapore Med J 2008;49(10): 831.
  7. Inderbir Singh : Pharyngeal arches in : Human Embryology ,11th edition , Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher(P) Ltd, New Delhi. 2018;133-134.
  8. Sgalitzer K E. Contribution to the study of the morphogenesis of the thyroid gland. J Anat 1941;75:389-405.
  9. Kadasne D K : Development of thyroid gland in : Kadasne’s Textbook of Embryology, 1st edition , Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher(P) Ltd, New Delhi. 2011;138-140.
  10. Begum M, Khatun M, Kishwara S, Ahmed R, Naushaba H. A postmortem study the pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland in Bangladeshi people: J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009;18(2):120-123.
  11. Nurunnabi ASM, Abdul Alim, Sahiba Mahbub, Sengupta Kishwara, Manowara Begum, Monira Khatun, et al.Morphological and histological study of the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland in Bangladeshi people- A postmortem study. Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy , July 2009;7(2):94-100.
  12. Daksha Dixit, MB Shilpa, MP Harsh,MV Ravishankar. Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland in adult human cadavers: a case series. Cases Journal 2009;2:6640.
  13. D.Joshi, S.S.Joshi, S.R.Daimi,S.A.Athavale. The thyroid gland and its variations: a cadaveric study. Folia Morphol. 2010;69(1):47-50.
  14. Veena Kulkarni,Sunkeswari sreepadma, S.K.Deshpande. Morphological variations of thyroid gland .Medica Innovatica December 2012;1(2):35-38.
  15. Hussein Muktyaz,Yadav Birendra,Saxena Dhiraj, Sharma Arun. Anatomical variations of thyroid gland and its clinical significance in north Indian population .Global Journal of biology,agriculture and health sciences.,2013;2(2):12-16.
  16. Abhijeet Yadav, Mukul Yadav, Asha Dixit. A morphological study of levator glandulae thyroidaeand pyramidal lobe in normal adult human thyroid gland.International Journal of Research in Health Sciences.Oct-Dec 2014;2(4):1030-1033
  17. Kafeel Hussain A., Sujatha.N., Hemanth Kommuru, Bhavani Prasad, Swayam Jothi. Morphological variations of thyroid gland. IOSR-Journal of And med Sci., 2015;14(3):18-24.
  18. Shobha Gaikwad, Rajni Joshi. An anatomical study of morphological variations of the thyroid gland. Int J Anat Res 2016;4(3):2665-69.
  19. Anjan Rajkonwar, Giriraj Kusre. Morphological variations of Thyroid gland among the people of upper assam region of northeast india: A cadaveric study. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research ,2016Dec,Vol-10(12):AC01-AC03.
  20. Prakash, Thimmiah Rajini, Archana Ramchandran, Geetanjali Basavraj Savalgi, Sivacharan Panchagnula Venkata, Varsha Mokhasi. Variations in the anatomy of thyroid gland:clinical implications of cadaver study, Anat Sci Int. 2012;87:45-49.
  21. Milejovic B, Tosevski J, Millisavljevic M, Babic D, Malikovic A. Pyramidal lobe of human thyroid gland –An anatomical study with clinical implications . Rom J Morphol Embryol,2013; 54(2) 285-289.
  22. Hamilton WJ, Mossman HW. Hamilton,Boyd and Mossman’s human embryology :prenatal development of form and function .4thLondon :Williams and and Wilkins ; 1978;223-226.
  23. Henry Hollinshed ,In the book ‘Anatomy for surgeons-Vol.1, The Head and Neck Third edition, Haper and Row Publishers, 1954, PP 504.
  24. M J Phukon,R Dutta,G N Reddy ,P Bhargabhi, N A Syed . Right sided pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland – A case report . Int J Biol Med Res.2012;3(2):1839-1841.

Cite this article: Rajashree Sheelawant Raut, Shailendra Sachhidanand Jadhav, Pramod Raghunath Kulkarni. MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF PYRAMIDAL LOBE AND LEVATOR GLANDULAE THYROIDAE AND ITS SURGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Int J Anat Res 2018;6(3.2):5538-5543. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2018.275