IJAR.2017.330
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 5; Issue 3.3 (September 2017)
Page No.: 4343-4348
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.330
AN INSIGHT TO THE ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY OF MENTAL FORAMEN OF JAW BONE WITH RESPECT TO ITS SURGICAL IMPORTANCE
Lekshmy Vijay. V.G 1, Ramakrishna Avadhani 2, Qudusia Sultana *3.
1 Post Graduate, Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
2 Professor and HOD, Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
*3 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Address For Correspondence: Dr. Qudusia Sultana, Assistant Professor, Department Of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. E-Mail: nakulalekshmy@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Mental foramen is one of the two foraminas situated on the anterolateral aspect of the body of mandible below the interval between the premolar teeth. They are slightly lower in edentulous individuals, which gives path for mental nerves and vessels. Morphological and morphometric parameters of mental foramen in relation to surrounding landmarks is clinically important, for providing a suitable data for dental surgeons and anaesthetics for an effective mental nerve block anaesthesia and for avoiding post-surgical complications due to nerve damage. This also helps for age estimation in fossil study. The following parameters were assessed to determine the distance of mental foramen from them; a) Alveolar crest, b) Lower border of mandible, c) Symphysis menti, d) Posterior border of ramus, e) Angle to foramen. Shape of foramen and level of teeth where the foramen is situated were also assessed.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College. A total of 102 dry human mandibles for location of mental foramens from various landmarks were studied using digital vernier caliper.
Results and Discussion: The mean and standard deviation values are as follows. The distance of mental foramen from its alveolar crest is 10.18±3.18, lower border is 12.62±1.67, symphysis menti is 26.12±5.35, posterior border of ramus is 61.11±6.34, angle of mandible is 40.79±4.56, from alveolar crest to lower border of mandible is 22.8±3.78. Foramen was observed to be round in shape in 70% of cases and majority were seen at 2nd premolar level.
Conclusion: These variations are of diagnostic importance for dental surgeons during nerve block, periodontal surgeries and to avoid injuries to neurovascular bundle. Awareness of possibility of the anatomical variations while planning surgery to avoid nerve damage .
KEY WORDS: Mental foramen, Human mandible, Shape, Position, Location.
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