IJAR.2024.145
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 12; Issue 3 (September 2024)
Page No.: 8991-8995
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2024.145
Morphometric Study of Asymmetry of the Interhemispheric Sylvian Fissure – A Cadaveric Study
Syed Mubashir Yousuf 1, Rukaiya jalal 2, Mohd saleem itoo 3, Gh. Mohammad Bhat *4.
1 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. ORCiD: 0000-0002-0549-1895
2 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Baramulla, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
3 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
*4 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. ORCiD: 0000-0003-1706-0993
Corresponding Author: Address: Dr. Gh. Mohammad Bhat, Department Of Anatomy Govt. Medical College Srinagar, J&K, India 190010, E-Mail: Gmbhat144@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Background: The most intricate outcome of biological evolution is the human nervous system. One of the earliest sulci to form on the cerebrum is the lateral sulcus, also known as Sylvian fissure (SF), of the cerebrum. The study was done to observe the morphometry, asymmetry, and variability of the Sylvian fissure (SF) and the sulci surrounding and inside the pars-opercularis (PO) and pars-traingularis (PT).
Method: the present is cadaveric study and was undertaken in the Department of Anatomy at Government Medical College, Srinagar. All the parameters of the lateral sulcus (sylvian fissure), which include measurements of its posterior ramus (PR), anterior ascending ramus (AAR), and anterior horizontal ramus (AHR) were taken with the help of thread. The thread was held in position on both sides with the forceps and the length of thread was measured with vernier caliper.
Results: The present study was carried out on 20 formalin fixed adult human cadaveric brains. The sylvian fissure mean length on right was found to be 84.8mm and on left side 85.8mm. the mean length of AAR was found to be 25.96mm on the right side and 28.6mm on the left side, and the mean length of AHR was 29.16mm on the right side and 33.44mm on the left side.
Conclusion: Both left and right Sylvian fissures had a significant association, and the left was found to be noticeably longer than the right. The frontal and parietal lobes are separated from the temporal lobe below by the SF, a major surgical gateway.
Key words: Human brain, Sylvian fissure, Lateral sulcus, pars-traingularis, Vernier caliper.
REFERENCES
[1]. Kadam J and Yadav A, Morphology of Sylvian fissure: A cadaveric study. Ind J Anat. 2018;7(4):390-2.
https://doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7418.6
[2]. Amol A, Kushalini KA. Morphometry of sylvian fissure among Maharashtrian population. Natl J Clin Anat. 2021;10(2):61.
https://doi.org/10.4103/NJCA.NJCA_35_20
[3]. Rhoton AL Jr. The supratentorial cranial space: Microsurgical anatomy and surgical approaches. Neurosurgery 2002;51(suppl_4):S1-iii-S1-vi.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200210001-00001
[4]. Gonul Y, Songur A, Uzun I, Uygur R, Alkoc OA, Caglar V, et al. Morphometry, asymmetry and variations of cerebral sulci on superolateral surface of cerebrum in autopsy cases. Surg Radiol Anat. 2014;36(7):651-61.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-013-1237-7
PMid:24258359
[5]. Nayak S, Gupta C, Hebbar KD, Pandey AK. Morphometric analysis of the main brain sulci and clinical implications: Radiological and cadaveric study. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2023;18(4):676-86.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.01.004
PMid:36852242 PMCid:PMC9957773
[6]. Foundas AL, Leonard CM, Gilmore RL, Fennell EB, Heilman KM. Pars triangularis asymmetry and language dominance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93(2):719-22.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.2.719
PMid:8570622 PMCid:PMC40120
[7]. Valli S, Velarasan SK. Interhemispheric asymmetry of Lateral Sulcus and its significance in adult human brains: A cadaveric study from southern India. Int J Anat Radiol Surg. 2022 International Journal of Anatomy, Radiology and Surgery. 2022;11(2):AO30-AO33.
https://doi.org/10.7860/IJARS/2022/52248.2768
[8]. Singh V. Textbook of Clinical Neuroanatomy 2nd Edition. Elsevier India; 2009.
https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11092
[9]. Ribas GC, Ribas EC, Rodrigues CJ. The anterior sylvian point and the suprasylvian operculum. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;18(6B):E2.
https://doi.org/10.3171/foc.2005.18.6.15
[10]. Bono BC, Milani D, Ferreli F, Olei S, Raspagliesi L, Tropeano MP, et al. Endoscopic trans-sphenoidal resection of a giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumor with third ventricle invasion and obstructive hydrocephalus: Surgical anatomy and two-dimensional operative video. World Neurosurg. 2023;181:107.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.075
PMid:37871690
[11]. Rentería ME. Cerebral asymmetry: a quantitative, multifactorial, and plastic brain phenotype. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012;15(3):401-13.
https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.13
PMid:22856374
[12]. Greve DN, Van Der Haegen L, Cai Q, Stufflebeam S, Sabuncu MR, Fischl B. A surface based analysis of language lateralization and cortical asymmetry. J Cogn Neurosci. 2013;25:1477-92.
https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00405
PMid:23701459 PMCid:PMC3767398
[13]. LeMay M. Morphological cerebral asymmetries of modern man, fossil man, and nonhuman primate. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1976;280(1):349-66.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb25499.x
PMid:827951
[14]. Witelson SF, Kigar DL. Sylvian fissure morphology and asymmetry in men and women: bilateral differences in relation to handedness in men. J Comp Neurol. 1992;323(3):326-40.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903230303
PMid:1460106
[15]. Foundas AL, Faulhaber JR, Kulynych JJ, Browning CA, Weinberger DR. Hemispheric and sex-linked differences in Sylvian fissure morphology: a quantitative approach using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 1999;12(1):1-10.
[16]. Rubens AB, Mahowald MW, Hutton JT. Asymmetry of the lateral (sylvian) fissures in man. Neurology. 1976;26(7):620-4.
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.26.7.620
PMid:945509
[17]. Idowu OE, Soyemi S, Atobatele K. Morphometry, asymmetry and variations of the sylvian fissure and sulci bordering and within the pars triangularis and pars operculum: an autopsy study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(11):AC11-4.
https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/9955.5130
PMid:25584204 PMCid:PMC4290221
[18]. Falkai P, Bogerts B, Greve B, Pfeiffer U, Machus B, Fölsch-Reetz B, et al. Loss of sylvian fissure asymmetry in schizophrenia. A quantitative post mortem study. Schizophr Res. 1992;7(1):23-32
https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-9964(92)90070-L
PMid:1591194
[19]. Petrides M. Broca’s area in the human and the nonhuman primate brain. In: Broca’s Region. Oxford University PressNew York; 2006. p. 31-46.
https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177640.003.0003
[20]. Tomaiuolo F, MacDonald JD, Caramanos Z, Posner G, Chiavaras M, Evans AC, et al. Morphology, morphometry and probability mapping of the pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus: an in vivo MRI analysis: Morphology and morphometry of the pars opercularis. Eur J Neurosci. 1999;11(9):3033-46.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00718.x
PMid:10510168
