IJAR.2022.290
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 11; Issue 1 (March 2023)
Page No.: 8570-8578
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2022.290
Protective Role of Pomegranate on kidney of Albino Rat Treated with Monosodium Glutamate
Rasha Rabea Salem 1, Dalia Mahmoud Biram 2, Nesrine Mostafa El homosany *3.
1 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Orcid iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-8235
2a Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt, b Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, El Kark , Jordan. Orcid iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5494-8583
3 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Orcid iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2404-7738
Corresponding Author: Dr. Nesrine Mostafa El homosany, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. E-Mail: nesrinemostafa@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Sodium mono glutamate (MSG), the sodium salt of glutamic acid, is a food flavoring agent that is widely used in many countries. Pomegranate is used as a traditional medication in numerous countries, it is planted in Asian countries, Mediterranean countries and the U.S.A.
Aim of the work: The present study aimed to detect structural and functional changes in adult rat kidney tissue treated with sodium mono glutamate, and the possible protective effect of pomegranate on the kidney treated with MSG.
Materials and Methods: This study was done by using 60 adult Wistar Albino rats of both sexes were divided into three equal groups: Group I (control group), Group II (sodium mono glutamate treated group), and Group III (combined MSG and pomegranate treated group) Doses were given once daily for 8 weeks every day. At the end of the treatment period, blood samples collected from each rat were used for measuring the values of urea and creatinine. Also, animals of the different groups were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, and quickly dissected and the kidneys were removed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for the histological examination by light microscopy, other tissue sections were evaluated using a transmission electron microscope. Both were used to examine the effect of sodium mono glutamate on the cortex of the kidneys of albino rats, compared with a control group and the combined MSG and pomegranate group.
Results: There was a major rise in blood urea level and blood creatinine level in sodium mono glutamate treated group in contrast to the control group. There was a significant reduction in blood urea level and blood creatinine level in combined sodium mono glutamate and pomegranate treated group in comparison to MSG treated group. Examination of kidney tissue of rats treated with sodium mono glutamate (Group. II) showed damaging changes of its structure. The glomerulus had markedly widened blood capillaries with thickened filtration membrane. The epithelial tubular cells had marked degenerative changes. Examination of rats kidney tissue treated with sodium mono glutamate and pomegranate (Group III) revealed improvement of the lesions in the glomeruli and renal tubules.
Conclusion: Pomegranate protected the kidneys and restricted the histological and functional alterations caused by sodium mono glutamate, and thus, there is an advantage of usage of pomegranate with sodium mono glutamate.
KEY WORDS: Pomegranate, Sodium mono glutamate (MSG), Kidney, Blood Urea.
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