IJAR.2021.165
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 9; Issue 4 (December 2021)
Page No.: 8116-8119
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.165
Difference in Thickness Between Right Ventricle and Left Ventricle of Adult Human Heart: A Cadaveric Study
Kalpana Thounaojam 1, Keisam Anupama Devi 2, Joyce Tunglut 3.
*1 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur
3 Demonstrator, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.
Corresponding author: Dr Kalpana Thounaojam, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India. E-Mail: kalpanathounaojam@yahoo.in
ABSTRACT
Background: The left ventricle is longer and narrower than the right ventricle, extending from its base in the plane of the atrioventricular groove to the cardiac apex. The wall of the left ventricle is three times thicker (8-12 mm) than those of right ventricle. The wall of the right ventricle is relatively thin (3–5 mm), the ratio of the thickness of the two ventricular walls usually being 1:3. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by myocardial wall thickening, particularly a disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum in comparison with the posterior wall. An athlete’s heart may physiologically hypertrophy but in a uniform fashion. The objective of the study is to determine the thickness of wall of right and left ventricle of adult human heart and ratio of thickness of right and left ventricle.
Materials and Methods: Adult human hearts were procured from the specimens preserved in Anatomy Department of Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences. A cross-sectional study was conducted on forty- four specimen of adult heart. The measurement of the right and left ventricular wall was done with digital vernier caliper. The measurements were done at three levels in both right and left ventricle: upper, middle and lower part.
Result and Conclusion: The ratio of the thickness of the wall of right and left ventricle is well known as 1:3. However, in our study we found the ratio as 1:1.4. We found the thickness of the right ventricle thicker than the normal thickness reported in previous studies. We wish to continue the study with a larger sample size.
Key words: Heart, Right ventricle, left ventricle, Thickness Ratio, Myocardium.
REFERENCES
[1]. Standring S Jonathan D Spratt, Marios Loukas. Heart. Gray’s Anatomy- The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice.41st edition.London : Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, 2016: 994- 1023.
[2]. Hamilton WJ, Simon G, Ian Hamilton SG. The chest and back.Surface and Radiological Anatomy. Cambridge: W Heffer & Sons ltd Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Company; 1971: 101-189
[3]. de Jonge LL, van Osch-Gevers L, Willemsen SP, Steegers E.A.P, Hofman A, Helbing WA, Jaddoe V.W.V. Growth, obesity, and cardiac structures in early childhood: the Generation R study. Hypertension 2011; 57: 934–40.
[4]. Daimei T, N. Damayanti D, Sinam V. Difference between the left and right ventricular thickness in fetal heart. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2014; 13(4): 21-24.
[5]. Kehat I, Molkentin JD. Molecular pathways underlying cardiac remodeling during pathophysiological stimulation. Circulation. 2010; 122: 2727–2735.
[6]. Osmond C, Barker DJP, Winter PD, Fall CH, Simmonds SJ. Early growth and death from cardio- vascular disease in women. BMJ 1993; 307(6918):1519-24.
[7]. Dicke JM. Poor obstetrical outcome. Clinical obstetrics. ed Pauerstein CJ,. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1987; 421-39.
[8]. Berenson GS. Childhood risk factors predict adult risk associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Cardiol 2002; 90: 3L–7L
[9]. Wanga JMH , Raib R , Carrascoc M , Sam-Odusinac T , Salandyc S , Gieleckid J , Zuradae A , Loukasc M. An anatomical review of the right ventricle .Translational Research in Anatomy 2019; 17: 100049.
[10]. Warnes CA. Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Importance of the Right Ventricle J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009; 54 (21): 1903–1910
[11]. Muresian H. The clinical anatomy of the right ventricle. Clin. Anat. 2016;29(3):380–398.
[12]. Ho SY. Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology. Clinical Cardiac Pacing, Defibrillation and Synchronization Therapy .5th Edition. Elsevier, 2021: 3- 14.
[13]. Dong SJ, MacGregor JH, Crawley AP, McVeigh E, Belenkie I, Smith ER, Tyberg JV, Beyar R. Left ventricular wall thickness and regional systolic function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A three-dimensional tagged magnetic resonance imaging study. Circulation 1994; 90(3):1200-1209.
[14]. Maron BJ. Distinguishing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from athlete’s heart: a clinical problem of increasing magnitude and significance. Heart. 2005; 91:1380–1382.
