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IJAR.2020.101

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Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 8; Issue 1.3 (March 2020)

Page No.: 7350-7355

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.101

CONTRIBUTION OF AXILLARY NERVE IN THE INNERVATION OF LONG HEAD OF TRICEPS BRACHII: A CADAVERIC STUDY

Gyata Mehta 1, Geetha Rani BG *2, Varsha Mokhasi 3.

1 Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, Vydehi institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, #82 EPIP area, Whitefield Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

*2 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Vydehi institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, #82 EPIP area, Whitefield Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

3 Professor & HOD, Department of Anatomy, Vydehi institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, #82 EPIP area, Whitefield Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Corresponding Author: Dr Geetha Rani BG, Assistant  Professor, Department of Anatomy, Vydehi institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, #82 EPIP area, Whitefield Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India. Mobile no- 9964068258 E-Mail: lalithgeetha246@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Traditionally the axillary nerve innervates the Deltoid and the Teres minor(TM) muscle. Axillary nerve injuries are common in shoulder dislocation, fracture surgical neck of humerus, brachial plexus injuries and neuropathies. Traumatic injuries of axillary nerve have also shown weakness of Long head of triceps and in surgical practice, the nerve to long head of triceps is utilized for nerve transfer to neurotise the deltoid muscle in patients with axillary nerve injuries. Hence the aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of contribution of axillary nerve to the innervation of Long head of triceps brachii (LHT).

Materials and Methods: Nine embalmed adult human cadavers (bilaterally) and twelve disarticulated upper extremities were dissected. Total of thirty upper extremities were dissected. The axillary nerve was observed emerging from the quadrangular space. Anterior and posterior branches of axillary nerve were noted. The muscular branches to deltoid, TM and LHT were traced to their point of innervation. The focus was on the branch of axillary nerve supplying the LHT. The branching configuration was classified into three types. Type I- posterior branch of axillary nerve supplying the LHT, Type II- Branch to TM supplying the LHT and Type III- A branch from the bifurcation of anterior & posterior branch of axillary nerve supplying LHT.

Results: The present study showed that axillary nerve innervated the LHT in 8 out of 30 limbs (26.66%). Amongst these, in 4 limbs(50%) posterior branch of axillary nerve supplied the LHT(type I ), in 3 limbs(37.5%) branch to TM supplied the LHT(type II) and in 1 limb(12.5%) a branch from the bifurcation of axillary nerve into anterior and posterior branch supplied the LHT( type III). It was also observed that in 2 (6.66%) specimens, axillary nerve was the only supply to LHT and in 6 (20%) specimens both axillary nerve & radial nerve supplied the LHT and in the remaining 22 (73.3%) specimens, only the radial nerve supplied the LHT.

Conclusion: Awareness of the variation of axillary nerve supplying the LHT is important for surgeons, orthopaedicians and anaesthetists for surgical treatment of traumatic nerve injuries.

Key words: Axillary Nerve, Motor Innervation, Long Head Of Triceps, Variations.

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Cite this article: Gyata Mehta, Geetha Rani BG, Varsha Mokhasi. CONTRIBUTION OF AXILLARY NERVE IN THE INNERVATION OF LONG HEAD OF TRICEPS BRACHII: A CADAVERIC STUDY. Int J Anat Res 2020;8(1.3):7350-7355. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2020.101