IJAR.2018.415

Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 7; Issue 1.1 (January 2019)

Page No.: 6102-6107

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.415

HISTO-MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF VARIOUS SEGMENTS OF VERTEBRAL ARTERY IN HUMAN CADAVERS

Ashwini R Desai *, S.K. Chavan.

Rural MedicalCollege PMT, Loni, Dist: Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.

Correspondence address: Dr. Ashwini R Desai, Department of Anatomy, Rural Medical College, PIMS, DU. Loni, Dist: Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India, Pin: 413736 Mobile no- +919975493999 E-Mail: drrajeevdesai31@yahoo.in

ABSTRACT:

Background: Vertebral artery is a medium sized artery which has long, tortuous course through neck and cranium. It is highly protected by bony and muscular structures because it provides the vascularization to important intracranial structures. During cervical spine movements, it is exposed to large shear and tensile forces at the exit from second cervical vertebra. A reduction in blood flow in vertebral artery may occur due to many congenital and structural factors which will cause ischemia and various neurological symptoms. Vertebral artery tears after blows to the head and neck are usually associated with basal subarachnoid haemorrhage with a rapidly fatal outcome.  Aim of study was to study histomorphometric variations in four segments of vertebral artery.

Material and methods: All four segments of vertebral arteries each having 0.5 cm long of both sides were collected from 30 cadavers. Outer and inner diameters were measured. Tissues were processed and stained by Verhoeff’s Van Geison and Masson Trichrome. Slides were scanned by “IS capture software” under 10 X magnifications.

Results: Outer diameter of left vertebral artery was 3.598± 0.32mm and that of right was 3.286± 0.33mm. Inner diameter of left vertebral artery was 3.19± 0.30 mm and right was 2.86± 0.26mm. Diameter of 1st and 3rd part of vertebral artery was more than 2nd and 4th part. Internal elastic lamina was thick and prominent in 4th part. External elastic membrane was prominent in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd part, but it is completely absent or represented by sparse fibrils in 4th part of vertebral artery.

Conclusion: Left vertebral artery was found to be dominant than the right.Internal elastic lamina was main elastic constituent of 4th part of vertebral artery, so damage to it may cause vascular pathologies like atherosclerosis, aneurysm etc.

Key words: Vertebral artery, Inner diameter, Outer diameter, Internal elastic membrane, External elastic membrane.

REFERENCES

    1. Standrings S, Neil RB, Patricia C, et al. Eds; Chapter-28 neck In: Gray’s Anatomy, 40th Ed, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. Edinburg. 2008; 449.
    1. Rawal JD, Jadav HR. Histomorphometric comparison of diameter of right and left vertebral arteries. National Journal of Medical Research. 2012; 02(03):260–263.
    1. Romanes G J. Cunningham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy. 15th New York: Oxford Medical Publications, 2000; 216.
    1. Kornieieva MA, Al-Hadidi AM. Morphology of the vertebral artery in Asian Population. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2014;5(4):084–088,
    1. Park KW, Park JS, Hwang SC, et al. Vertebral artery dissection: natural history, clinical features and therapeutic considerations. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. 2008;44(3):109–115.
    1. Johnson CP, Baugh R, Wilson CA, et al. Age related changes in the tunica media of the VA: implications for the assessment of vessels injured by trauma. Journal of clinical pathology. 2001;54:139-145.
    1. Mitchell J, McKay A. Comparison of left and right vertebral artery intra-cranial diameters. Anatomical Record 1995; 242: 1350-1354.
    1. Macchi C, Giannelli F, Cecchi F, Gulisano M, Pacini P, Corcos L, Catini C, Brizzi E. The inner diameter of human intra-cranialvertebral artery by color Doppler method. Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology 1996; 10l: 81-87
    1. Sikka A, Jain A. Bilateral variation in the origin and course of the vertebral artery. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Anatomy Research International. 2012;12:01–03.
    1. Bancroft JD and Gamble M. Eds; Chapter-The hematoxylins and eosin, connective tissues and stains: In theory and practice of histological techniques, 6th Ed, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. 2008;122–123, 146–153.
    1. BhadkariaV,Chawre H K, S. S. Joshi SS, JoshiSD.Histological variations in various segments of vertebral artery. J E M D. 2016; 5 (2): 120-26.
    1. Bloom and Fawcett.chapter-12, Blood and lymph vascular system. In: A textbook of histology,12 th Ed, chapman and Hall, New York, London.1994; 377.
    1. Leeson TS, Leeson CR, Paparo AA, chapter- 8, The circulatory system. In: Text /Atlas of histology, W. B. Saunders international edition. 1988; 319.
    1. Sato T, Sasaki T, Suzuki K, et al. Histological study of the normal vertebral artery etiology of dissecting aneurysms. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2004; 44:629-636.
    1. Wilkinson IMS The vertebral artery; intracranial and extracranial structure. Arch Neurol 1972; 27:392-396.
    1. Ross MH, Reith EJ, chapter- 12,Cardiovascular system, In: Histology-A text and atlas, Harper international edition, 1985; 283-284.
    1. Khan MM, Butt SB, Bashir Kiani MR. Age related changes in histomorphology of medium sized muscular artery. Pak Armed Forces Med J 2014;64 (4): 609-13
    1. CavdarS, Dalchik H, Ercan F, Arbak S, Arifoglu Y. A morphological study of the V2 segment of vertebral artery. Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn. August 1996; 73(2-3):133-138.
    1. Kumar Keshaw. Microstructure of human arteries. Journal of Anatomical society of India 2001;3:137-140.
    1. Chopard R P, Lucas G, Laudana A. Microscopic anatomy of the human vertebro-bacilar system. Arq Neuro-Psiquiat (San Paulo) 1991;49(4);430-3.
    1. Coast GC, Gee DJ. Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage—an alternative source.J Clin Pathol 1984;37: 1245–8.
  1. Winckler G. Remarques sur la structure de l’arterevertebrale.Quaderni di AnatomiaPractica S XXV111 1972; N1–4:105–15.

Cite this article: Ashwini R Desai, S.K. Chavan. HISTO-MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF VARIOUS SEGMENTS OF VERTEBRAL ARTERY IN HUMAN CADAVERS. Int J Anat Res 2019;7(1.1):6102-6107. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2018.415