IJAR.2017.256

Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 5; Issue 3.1 (July 2017)

Page No.: 4082-4089

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.256

EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PLACENTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN NORMAL AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS MOTHERS

Sharmila Bhanu P *1, Devi Sankar K 1, Shanthi Vissa 2, Sujatha Kiran 3, Subhadra Devi V 4.

*1 Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2 Professor of Pathology, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.

3 Professor of Anatomy, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.

4 Professor of Anatomy, Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Correspondence Address: Mrs. P. Sharmila Bhanu, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Narayana Medical College,  Chinthareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524002, India. Tel: +91-861-2338006, Mobile: +91-9441705457 Fax: +91-861-2317962

E-Mail: sharmilabp78@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is associated with derangement of hormones, metabolites, and growth factors in maternal and fetal circulation which may influence the development and function of the placenta. The aim of this study were to compare oxidative stress and antioxidant system markers in GDM patients and normal subjects, and to determine the relationship between oxidative stress and GDM

Materials and Methods: the study comprised 96 placentas of which 48 from normal and 48 from gestational diabetes. All the placental samples were evaluated for the antioxidant status using biochemical and immunohistochemical markers, MDA, SOD and GPX. The data were analysed statistically using unpaired Student T-test.

Results: The present study showed the significant increase in lipid peroxidation with MDA (p<0.0001) and GPX activity (p<0.0001) placental tissues of GDM than control confirms the oxidative stress in GDM. However SOD was found to be significantly reduced in GDM than control showed the overproduction of superoxide radicals and the compensatory mechanism taken by the placenta.   The immunohistochemical stained slides showed low positivity (score 1+) with SOD and positivity (score 2+) in placental villi with GPX in GDM placental tissues. But both the markers expressed a stronger DAB reactivity in blood cells of fetal blood vessels and blood cells of intervillous (IV) or maternal space (score 2+). In control it was placid in placental villi (either score 1+ or 0) positivity in intervillous space blood cells and negative in fetal blood cells (score 0).

Conclusion: From the present study, we conclude that oxidative stress occurs in Gestational Diabetes and antioxidant defense mechanisms are inadequate. Biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of levels of MDA, SOD and GPX are higher in GDM compared to normal pregnancies and may be useful markers in GDM in controlling the diabetic milieu.

Key words: Gestational diabetes, GDM, Placenta, Antioxidants, Oxidative stress, SOD, GPX, MDA.

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Cite this article: Sharmila Bhanu P, Devi Sankar K, Shanthi Vissa, Sujatha Kiran, Subhadra Devi V. EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PLACENTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN NORMAL AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS MOTHERS. Int J Anat Res 2017;5(3.1):4082-4089. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2017.256