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IJAR.2017.107

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Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 5; Issue 1 (February 2017)

Page No.: 3535-3540

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.107

STUDY OF THE PLACENTAL ATTACHMENT OF FUNICULUS UMBILICALIS IN NORMAL AND PRE-ECLAMPTIC PREGNANCIES AND ITS EFFECTS ON BIRTH WEIGHT

Ankit Jain *1, Sonia Baweja 2, Rashmi Jain 3.

*1 M.S., Ex. Resident, Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (M.P.), India.

2 M.S., Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (M.P.), India.

3 M.D., Lab Head, Consultant Pathologist, SRL Diagnostics Ltd, Malviya Nagar, Bhopal (M.P.), India.

Corresponding author Address: Dr. Ankit Jain, S/O Subodh Kumar Jain, Near Jain mandir, Neha Nagar (Shakti Nagar), Makronia, distt. SAGAR, (M.P.), Pin- 470004, Telephone: +91 9827570908, +91 9977799776. E-Mail: ankitjain6285@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Abnormalities in the insertion of umbilical cord is associated with a number of complications in pregnancy and these complications may adversely affect the fetus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variations in the attachment of umbilical cord in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies and to assess the effects of variable cord insertions on fetal birth weight.

Materials and Methods: Seventy placentae each of normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancies were studied (n=140). After delivery, weight of the baby was recorded by using weighing machine and the attachment of umbilical cord on placenta was observed.

Results: In the present study, commonest site of insertion of umbilical cord was central (60%) in normal pregnancies, whereas in pre-eclamptic pregnancies, a common site of insertions of umbilical cord were central (37.14%) and/or eccentric (34.28%). Marginal cord insertions were found 2.11 times more in pre-eclamptic pregnancies as compared to normal pregnancies. A single case of velamentous insertion was found in the pre-eclamptic pregnancies. We found that 65.52% of placentae with abnormal cord insertions were associated with low fetal birth weight and the association between cord insertion and fetal birth weight was found statistically highly significant.

Discussion: Abnormal cord insertions are significantly associated with pre-eclampsia. Mean fetal birth weight decreases as the site of cord insertion moves towards the periphery. Conclusively, abnormalities in the site of insertion of umbilical cord have an adverse effect on fetal health. Therefore, early detection of abnormal cord insertion may provide sufficient information to take additional care in such conditions.

Key words: Birth weight, Cord insertion, Pre-eclampsia, Placenta, Umbilical cord.

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Cite this article: Ankit Jain, Sonia Baweja, Rashmi Jain. STUDY OF THE PLACENTAL ATTACHMENT OF FUNICULUS UMBILICALIS IN NORMAL AND PRE-ECLAMPTIC PREGNANCIES AND ITS EFFECTS ON BIRTH WEIGHT. Int J Anat Res 2017;5(1):3535-3540. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2017.107