@charset "UTF-8";
/* IJPR shared responsive and control-dock styles. Loaded after the page's own <style> so mobile rules win. */
@media (min-width:981px){.page-side{position:sticky;top:74px;max-height:calc(100vh - 96px);overflow-y:auto;padding-right:2px;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--line-strong) transparent}.page-side::-webkit-scrollbar{width:5px}.page-side::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:var(--line-strong);border-radius:4px}}
.share-widget{background:var(--paper-alt);border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:4px;padding:18px 20px;margin-top:20px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px}
.share-label{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-faint)}
.share-buttons{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.share-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.02em;padding:6px 11px;border-radius:2px;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink-soft);cursor:pointer}
.share-btn:hover{border-color:var(--teal);color:var(--teal-dark)}
.share-btn svg{width:13px;height:13px}
.share-btn.copied{border-color:var(--teal);color:var(--teal-dark);background:var(--teal-pale)}
.widget{margin-bottom:0}
.widget h3{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:16px;padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.widget-search .search-row{display:flex;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:2px;background:var(--paper-alt);overflow:hidden}
.widget-search input[type="search"]{flex:1;min-width:0;border:none;background:transparent;padding:10px 12px;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink);outline:none;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none}
.widget-search input[type="search"]::placeholder{color:var(--ink-faint)}
.widget-search input[type="search"]:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--teal);outline-offset:-2px}
.widget-search button{flex-shrink:0;width:40px;border:none;background:var(--teal);color:var(--paper);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer;transition:background .2s ease}
.widget-search button:hover{background:var(--teal-dark)}
.widget-search button svg{width:15px;height:15px}
.idx-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.idx-badge{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);background:var(--paper-alt);color:var(--ink-soft);padding:6px 11px;border-radius:2px;display:inline-block}
a.idx-badge:hover{border-color:var(--teal);color:var(--teal-dark)}
.oa-badge{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start}
.oa-badge .oa-icon{flex-shrink:0;width:36px;height:36px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--teal-pale);color:var(--teal-dark);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}
.oa-badge .oa-icon svg{width:18px;height:18px}
.oa-badge p{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.6;margin:0}
.recent-list{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:11px;max-height:280px;overflow-y:auto;padding-right:4px;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--line-strong) transparent}
.recent-list::-webkit-scrollbar{width:5px}
.recent-list::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:var(--line-strong);border-radius:4px}
.recent-list li a{display:block;font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.45;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.recent-list li a:hover{color:var(--teal-dark)}
.past-issues-select{width:100%;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper-alt);border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:2px;padding:9px 10px;cursor:pointer}
.past-issues-select:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--teal);outline-offset:-2px}
.widget-submit{background:var(--teal-dark);color:var(--paper);padding:26px 22px}
.widget-submit h3{color:#E6EEE9;border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.28)}
.widget-submit p{font-size:12.5px;color:#EEF3F0;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:16px}
.widget-submit a.btn{width:100%;text-align:center}
.widget-submit .em{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;color:#E6EEE9;margin-top:12px;display:block;word-break:break-all}
.widget-note{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.6}
.btn{font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600;font-size:13.5px;padding:12px 22px;background:var(--teal);color:var(--paper);border-radius:2px;display:inline-block;transition:background .2s ease;border:none;cursor:pointer}
.btn:hover{background:var(--teal-dark)}
footer{padding-top:46px}
.footer-main .wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1fr 1fr 1.2fr;gap:30px;padding-bottom:36px}
footer h3{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:14px}
footer .fcol ul{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:9px}
footer .fcol ul li{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.5}
footer .fcol ul a{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--teal-dark);font-weight:600}
footer .fcol ul a:hover{color:var(--teal);text-decoration:underline}
footer .fcol p{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.6}
footer .fcol address{font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.75}
footer .fcol address a{color:var(--teal-dark)}
.foot-bottom{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:18px 0;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-faint)}
.foot-bottom .wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.foot-bottom a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink-faint)}
.foot-icons{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px}
.foot-icons a{display:flex;align-items:center;color:var(--ink-faint);border-bottom:none}
.foot-icons a:hover{color:var(--teal-dark)}
.foot-icons svg{width:14px;height:14px}
.foot-icons .divider{color:var(--ink-faint)}
@media (max-width:560px){.page-hero h1{font-size:25px}.masthead .brand .mark{font-size:22px;white-space:normal}nav.primary .wrap{gap:16px}.control-dock{right:12px;bottom:16px}.palette-pop{right:0;width:180px}footer .fcol{margin-bottom:20px}footer .footer-main .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr}.masthead .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr;text-align:center}.masthead .side.right{text-align:center}.share-widget{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{animation-duration:0.01ms !important;animation-iteration-count:1 !important;transition-duration:0.01ms !important}}
.control-dock{position:fixed;right:20px;bottom:24px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;z-index:200}
.dock-btn{width:44px;height:44px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--line-strong);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer;box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);transition:transform .18s ease, background .2s ease}
.dock-btn:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}
.dock-btn svg{width:19px;height:19px}
#toTopBtn{background:var(--teal);border-color:var(--teal-dark);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transform:translateY(8px)}
#toTopBtn:hover{background:var(--teal-dark)}
#toTopBtn.show{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto;transform:translateY(0)}
#toTopBtn.show:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}
.palette-pop{position:absolute;right:54px;bottom:0;background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:8px;padding:14px;width:200px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.16);display:none}
.palette-pop.open{display:block}
.palette-pop .palette-title{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:10px}
.swatch-row{display:flex;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.swatch{width:26px;height:26px;border-radius:50%;border:2px solid transparent;cursor:pointer;position:relative}
.swatch.active{border-color:var(--ink)}
.swatch.active::after{content:'✓';position:absolute;inset:0;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#fff;font-size:11px}
.palette-label{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-top:10px}

/* ---- accessibility, touch and print refinements ---- */
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;text-size-adjust:100%}
body{overflow-x:clip}
:where(a,button,input,select,textarea,summary,[tabindex]):focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--teal);outline-offset:2px}
.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}
.nav-toggle{display:none}
@media (max-width:720px){
  nav.primary .nav-toggle{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;width:100%;min-height:48px;padding:0 16px;background:none;border:0;border-radius:0;font:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.02em;color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer;text-align:left}
  nav.primary .nav-toggle:hover{background:var(--paper-alt);color:var(--ink)}
  .nav-toggle-bars{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:2px;background:currentColor;box-shadow:0 -6px 0 currentColor,0 6px 0 currentColor}
  nav.primary .wrap{display:none;height:auto;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;justify-content:flex-start;flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:0;padding:0 0 10px;max-height:calc(100vh - 60px);max-height:calc(100dvh - 60px);overflow-y:auto}
  nav.primary.open .wrap{display:flex}
  nav.primary .wrap > a,nav.primary .nav-item > a{display:flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;padding:8px 16px;font-size:15px}
  nav.primary .nav-item{display:block}
  nav.primary .nav-item > a::after{display:none}
  .dropdown{position:static;opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:none;box-shadow:none;border:0;border-left:2px solid var(--teal);border-radius:0;min-width:0;margin:0 0 6px 16px;padding:0;background:transparent}
  .dropdown a{display:flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;padding:8px 16px;font-size:14px}
}
@media (max-width:980px){
  input,select,textarea,.past-issues-select,.widget-search input[type="search"]{font-size:16px}
}
@media (pointer:coarse){
  .pill-link,.share-btn,.dock-btn,.swatch,.widget a.btn,button.btn{min-height:44px;min-width:44px}
  .pill-link,.share-btn{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px}
}
@media print{
  .utility-bar,nav.primary,.control-dock,.share-widget,.page-side,aside,.skip-link,.masthead .side,.nav-toggle,footer .foot-icons{display:none!important}
  body{background:#fff;color:#000}
  a{color:#000;text-decoration:underline}
  .page-layout,.layout{display:block!important}
  .art-row{break-inside:avoid}
  main a[href^="http"]::after{content:" (" attr(href) ")";font-size:11px;word-break:break-all}
}

/* ---- small screens: top bars may grow instead of overflowing ---- */
@media (max-width:560px){
  .utility-bar .wrap{height:auto;padding-top:4px;padding-bottom:4px;justify-content:space-between;gap:2px 10px}
  .utility-bar .icons{gap:0}
  .utility-bar .wrap{letter-spacing:0}
  .utility-bar .u-left{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;gap:2px 14px}
  .breadcrumb{height:auto;min-height:42px;padding-top:6px;padding-bottom:6px}
}
/* ---- touch targets: every standalone link is at least 24 x 24 CSS px (WCAG 2.2 AA) ---- */
.utility-bar .icons a,.foot-icons a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:28px;min-height:28px}
.breadcrumb a,.index-card h3 a,footer address a,.widget-connect a,.widget-list a,.widget-note a,.widget-submit .em a,.policy-card a,.see-all,.see-toc,.issue-sub .doi-link,.index-card .cite a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:24px}
.utility-bar .u-left a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:28px}
input[type="radio"],input[type="checkbox"]{width:24px;height:24px;accent-color:var(--teal)}
@media (max-width:980px){
  input:not([type="radio"]):not([type="checkbox"]):not([type="hidden"]),select,textarea{font-size:16px!important}
}

/* ---- dark theme: the "Submit Your Manuscript" box uses the (dark) pale accent as its background so light text always has contrast ---- */
:root[data-theme="dark"] .widget-submit{background:var(--teal-pale);border:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme]) .widget-submit{background:var(--teal-pale);border:1px solid var(--line-strong)}}

/* ---- tablet: stack the masthead (up to 1200px) so the ISSN / frequency text is not squeezed into narrow side columns ---- */
@media (max-width:1200px){
  .masthead .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr;text-align:center;gap:8px}
  .masthead .side,.masthead .side.right{text-align:center}
}
.art-row h3 a{display:inline-block;min-height:24px}