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How   to   cite   this   Article:    Shweta   Jha,   Dinesh   Kumar,   JM   Kaul.    EFFICACY   OF   IMMEDIATE,   24   HOURS   VERSUS   48   HOURS   CULTURE   METHOD IN     CYTOGENETIC     STUDY     OF     PEDIATRIC     ACUTE     LYMPHOBLASTIC     LEUKEMIA.      Int     J     Anatomy     Res     2016;4(4):3175-3178.     DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2016.432.
Type of Article: Original Research DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.432 Page No.:  3175-3178
EFFICACY OF IMMEDIATE, 24 HOURS VERSUS 48 HOURS CULTURE METHOD IN CYTOGENETIC STUDY OF PEDIATRIC ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA Shweta Jha * 1 , Dinesh Kumar 2 , JM Kaul 3 . * 1 . Senior Resident, Department of Anatomy, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India. 2  Professor, Department of Anatomy, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India. 3  Consultant Professor, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College, Delhi, India. Correspondence   address:   Dr.    Shweta   Jha,   Department   of   Anatomy,   University   college   of   medical   sciences,   Dilshad   Garden,   Delhi      110095,   India.   Phone: 9654173164   E-Mail:  jha350@gmail.com   ABSTRACT Background:   Leukemia   is   the   most   common   childhood   cancer   in   India   with   relative   proportion   varying   between   25   and   40%.   60   to   85%   of   all   leukemias reported   are   acute   lymphoblastic   leukemia   (ALL).Karyotyping   is   a   technique   that   provides   critical   diagnostic   and   prognostic   information   that   allows   the delivery of appropriate treatment. Success rate depends on sample conditions, type of disease and culture conditions. Aim:  To compare efficacy of culture methods at varying times in karyotyping for genetic abnormalities of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Materials   and   Methods:    Bone   marrow   aspirates   (0.6   ml)   after   adding   15   ml   RPMI   medium   were   divided   into   three   parts   for   immediate(direct)   culture,   24 hour culture and 48 hour culture method , were incubated according to their respective time duration and karyotyping  was done. Result:    In   immediate   culture,   there   were   very   few   small   sized   cells   with   no   metaphases.   In   24   hour   culture,   cells   had   a   moderate   population   with   no analysable metaphases. In 48 hour culture, cell population was high with bigger sized cells and 20 or more metaphases were observed per slide. Conclusion:  48 hours culture method is better than immediate and 24 hour culture in ALL patients. KEY WORDS:  Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Bone Marrow, Karyotyping, Culture. References 1 . Heng   JL,      Chen   YC,      Quah   TC,   et   al.   Dedicated   Cytogenetics   factor   is   critical   for   improving   karyotyping   results   for   childhood   leukemias   .   Experience   in National University Hospital, Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2010;39:102-6. 2 . Hagemeuer    A,        Smit    EME,        Bootsma    D.    Improved    identification    of    chromosome    of    leukemic    cells    in    methotrexate    treated    cultures.    Cell genet.1979;23:208-212. 3 . Fitzgerald   PH,      Morris   CM,      Giles   LM.   Direct   versus   cultured   preparation   of   bone   marrow   cells   from   22   patients   with   Acute   Myeloid   Leukemia.   Hum Genet.1982;60:281-83.  4 . Young   JL   Jr,   Ries   LG,   Silverber   g   E,   Horm   JW   and      Miller   RW.   Cancer      incidence,   survival   and   mortality   for   children   younger   than   age   15   years.   Cancer. 1986;58:589. 5 . Agarwala KN. Textbook of pediatrics.Oncology: Malignancies in childhood 1st edition. Ane books private limited;2010:348. 6 . Heng   JL,      Chen   YC,      QuahTC   and      Yeoh   AEJ.   Dedicated   Cytogenetics   factor   is   critical   for   improving   karyotyping   results   for   childhood   leukemias. Experience in National University Hospital, Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2010;39:102-6. 7 . Ito C, Kumagai M, Christine. Hyperdiploid ALL with 51-65 chromosomes: a distinct   biological entity. Blood;1999:315-20. 8 . Malekasgar   AM,      Pedram   M,      Kamal   Sl   and      Housaini   E.   Numerical   chromosomal   abnormalities   in   patients   with   Acute   Lymphoblastic   and   Myeloid Leukemia in Iran. Clinical Medicine and diagnostics.2012;2(5):45-50. 9 . Dewald   GW,      Broderick   DJ,   Tom   WW,   Hagstrom   JE   and   Pierre   RV   .   Efficacy   of   direct,   24   hr   culture,   mitotic   synchronization   for   cytogenetic   analysis   of bone marrow. Cancer Genetics and Cyto genetics.1985;18(1):1-10. 1 0 . Berger R,Bernheim A.Absence d anomalie chromosique et leucemie aigue. CR Acad Sci(D).Paris 290:1557-1559. 1 1 . Knutila   S,Vuopio   P,Borgstrom   GH   and      Chapelle   AL   .   Higher   frequency   of   5   q   clone   in   bone   marrow      mitosis   after   culture   than   by   a   direct   method. Scand J Haematol.1981;25(4):358-362. 1 2 . Knuutila   S,   Vuopio   P,      Elonen   E,      Siimes   M   and      Kovanen   R.   Culture   of   Bone   Marrow   Reveals   More   Cells   With   Chromosomal   Abnormalities   Than   the Direct Method in patients with haematological disorders. Blood.1981;58(2):369-75.  
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Volume 4 |Issue 4.3 |  2016 Date of Publication:  31 December 2016
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