Type of Article: Original Research DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.363 Page No.:  2896-2901

MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ORBIT IN INDIAN SKULLS AND COMPARISON WITH INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Anant Dattatray Dhanwate * 1 , Madhavi Dattatray Gaikwad 2 . *1    Associate   Professor,   Department   of   Anatomy,   Government   Medical   College,   Akola,   Maharashtra,   India   (Former-   Assistant   Professor,   Department   of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India). 2 Lecturer, Department of Pathology, CSMSS Ayurved College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. Correspondence   Address:    Dr.   Anant   Dattatray   Dhanwate,   Associate   Professor,   Department   of   Anatomy,   Government   Medical   College,   Akola,   Maharashtra, India. Phone: +91-9960331637 E-Mail:  dranantdhanwate@gmail.com   ABSTRACT Introdction:   Morphometric   analysis   of   skull   is   of   great   significance   to   anatomists,   radiologists   and   medicolegal   experts.   Skull   resists   decomposition   and   is   the preferred   bone   for   identification   of   sex   of   an   individual.   Among   several   parameters,   orbital   measurements   also   show   sexual   dimorphism.   Assessment   of orbital   dimensions   is   also   important   for   surgical   management   of   pathologies   around   orbit.   Previous   studies   present   large   variations   in   orbital   morphometry due   to   genetic   and   environmental   factors,   racial   and   ethnic   differences,   different   measurement   methods   and   sample   size.   Thus   to   obtain   population   specific standards, to assess the bilateral asymmetry and gender differences in orbital parameters, the present study was conducted. Materials   and   Methods:   The   study   was   performed   on   98   adult   Indian   skulls   (196   orbits)   consisting   of   60   male   and   38   female   skulls   ofknown   age   and   sex. Parameters   measured   were   Orbital   height   (OH),   Orbital   breadth   (OB)   and   Orbital   Index   (OI)   which   were   expressed   in   descriptive   statistics   i.e.   mean,   range and standard deviation. Results:    In   the   present   study,   in   males,   the   mean   OH   for   the   right   and   left   sides   were   32.64±2.07   and   32.39±2.18mm   respectively   while   their   OB   were 37.52±1.35   and   37.08±1.96mm   respectively   and   the   mean   OI   was   87.47.   In   Females,   the   mean   OH   for   the   right   and   left   sides   were   32.55±1.91   and 32.31±1.55mm respectively while their OB were 37.25±1.64 and 36.67±1.56mm respectively and the mean OI was 87.88. Conclusion:    The   mean   OI   in   the   present   study   was   87.47   placing   the   Indian   population   in   Mesoseme   group.   Difference   in   orbital   breadth   on   two   sides   was statistically significant emphasizing bilateral asymmetry. However the gender differences in OH, OB and OI were statistically insignificant.   KEY WORDS: Orbital Height, Orbital Breadth, Orbital index; Morphometry; Sexual dimorphism; Skull. References 1 . Krogman WM, Iscan YM. The Human Skeleton in Forensic Medicine (2nd Edition) 1986. Springfield, Illinois, U.S.A. Charles C. Thomas Pub Ltd. 2 . Kanchan   T,   Krishan   K,   Gupta   A,   Acharya   J.   A   Study   of   Cranial   Variations   Based   on   Craniometric   Indices   in   aSouth   Indian   Population.   J   Craniofac   Surg. 2014;25:1645-9. 3 . Kumar A, Nagar M. Morphometry of the Orbital Region: "Beauty is bought by judgement of the eyes". Int J Anat Res. 2014;2(3):566-70. 4 . 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