{"id":927,"date":"2017-10-01T14:50:56","date_gmt":"2017-10-01T14:50:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=927"},"modified":"2017-10-01T15:15:31","modified_gmt":"2017-10-01T15:15:31","slug":"ijar-2017-380","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2017-380","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2017.380"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/ijar.5.4\/IJAR.2017.380.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-cloud-download\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ijmhr.org\/ijar-vol-5-4.htm\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-book\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Volume 5; Issue 4.1 (October 2017)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Page No.:<\/strong>\u00a04482-4487<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2017.380<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">FEMORAL ANTEVERSION ANGLE IN DRY FEMORA OF SOUTH INDIA BY COMPUTER ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS METHOD<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Amith R <sup>1<\/sup>, Vinay KV *<sup>2<\/sup>, <sup>\u00a0<\/sup>Martin LA <sup>3<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1 <\/sup>Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangaluru, Karnataka. India<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">*<sup>2 <\/sup>Professor, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangaluru, Karnataka. India<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>3 <\/sup>Professor &amp; HOD, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangaluru, Karnataka. India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Address for correspondence:<\/strong> Dr. Martin Lucas A, Professor &amp; HOD, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Pin- 575018. Ph: +919449613535, <strong>E-Mail:<\/strong> drmartinlucas@gmail.com.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The femoral anteversion angle (FA) is defined as the angle formed by the projection of the femoral neck axis &amp; the retrocondylar axis. In the present study, the following parameters were measured in dry femora of South Indian origin: 1) FA. 2) Side differences in FA. 3) Intra observer &amp; inter observer reliability in measuring FA. About 170 femora that were available in the department of Anatomy were used for the study. 92 femora were of right side &amp; 78 were of left side.<strong> \u00a0<\/strong>Two axes \u2013 femoral neck axis &amp; retrocondylar axis were drawn &amp; the angle was measured. The results were tabulated &amp; the mean FA &amp; standard deviation were calculated &amp; compared between right &amp; left side for significance. The mean FA was 11.4\u00b0\u00a0 (Range between -20\u00b0 to 36\u00b0). There was no significant difference in FA on right &amp; left sides. There was good intra &amp; inter observer reliability in measuring FA. The findings of the present study will be helpful to clinicians, therapists &amp; researchers as ready references to FA among South Indian population.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key words:<\/strong> Femur, Femoral anteversion, Head neck axis, Retrocondylar axis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Standring S, Borley NR, Collins P, Crossman AR, Gatzoulis MA, Healy JC et al., Gray\u2019s anatomy: The Anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40<sup>th<\/sup> UK, Elsevier Ltd; 2008;1412-15<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zalawadia A, Ruparelia S. Study of Femoral Neck Anteversion of Adult Dry Femora in Gujarat Region. NJIRM. 2010;1(3):7-9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gulan G, Matovinovi\u0107 D, Nemec B, Rubini\u0107 D, Ravli\u0107- Gulan J. Femoral neck anteversion: values, development, measurement, common problems. 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India. 2009;58(2):164-65<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reikeras O, Hoiseth A, Reigstad A, Fonstelien E. Femoral neck angles. Acta orthop. Scand. 1982;53:775-79.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yoshioka Y, Siu D, Cooke TD. The anatomy of functional axis of the femur. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 1987;69:873-880.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Brouwer KJ. Torsional deformities after fractures of the femoral shaft in childhood. Acta orthopaedic scandinavica. 1981;195:15-154.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Weinstein SL, Buckwaster JA. Turek\u2019s orthopaedics in the paediatric foot. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphea: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2005.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Toogood PA, Skalak A, Cooperman DR. Proximal Femoral Anatomy in the Normal Human Population. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467:876\u201385.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kingsley PC, Olmsted KL. 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Femoral neck anteversion &amp; hip rotation range in healthy Iraqi children: A clinical anatomical study. Mustansiriya Medical Journal 2012. Jun; 1(1).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Toogood PA, Skalak A, Cooperman DR. Proximal Femoral Anatomy in the Normal Human Population. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467:876\u201385.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yoshioka Y, Siu D, Cooke TD. The anatomy of functional axis of the femur. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 1987;69:873-880.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Eckhoff DG, Kramer RC, Watkings JJ, Alongi CA, van Greven DP. Variation in femoral Anteversion. Clinical Anatomy. 1994;7:71-75.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kweon DC, Yang SH, Park P. Comparative Study in the Femoral Anteversion Measured by CT and MR Imaging as a PACS Image Viewer. Journal of Korean Society of Medical Informatics 2002;8(04):21-27.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Umebese PF,Adeyekun A,\u00a0Mo in M. Radiological assessment of femoral neck-shaft and anteversion angles in adult Nigerian HIPS. Niger Postgrad Med J.\u00a02005;12(2):106-9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kulig K, Hanigan KH, Souza RB and Powers CM. Measurement of Femoral Torsion by Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Concurrent Validity. Phys ther. 2010;90:1641-8.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Atkinson HD, Johal KS, Owen CW, Zadow S, Oakeshott RD. Differences in hip morphology between the sexes in patients undergoing hip resurfacing. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research. 2010;5:76.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Siwach RC, Dahiya S. Anthropometric study of proximal femur geometry and its clinical application. Indian J Orthop. 2003;37:247-51.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nagar M, Bhardawaj R, Prakash R. Anteversion in adult Indian femora. J Anat Soc India 2000;49:9-12.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\t\t\t <div class=\"promo1\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7; border-color: #6b0e00 #e8e6e6 #e8e6e6;\">\n             \t <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Amith R, Vinay KV, Martin LA. FEMORAL ANTEVERSION ANGLE IN DRY FEMORA OF SOUTH INDIA BY COMPUTER ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS METHOD. Int J Anat Res 2017;5(4.1):4482-4487. <strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2017.380\u00a0 \n             <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Type of Article:\u00a0\u00a0Original Research Volume 5; Issue 4.1 (October 2017) Page No.:\u00a04482-4487 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2017.380 FEMORAL ANTEVERSION ANGLE IN DRY FEMORA OF SOUTH INDIA BY COMPUTER ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS METHOD Amith R 1, Vinay KV *2, \u00a0Martin LA 3. 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangaluru, Karnataka. India *2 Professor,<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2017-380\">+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/927"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=927"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":954,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/927\/revisions\/954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}