{"id":561,"date":"2017-05-30T14:34:06","date_gmt":"2017-05-30T14:34:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=561"},"modified":"2017-05-30T14:36:35","modified_gmt":"2017-05-30T14:36:35","slug":"ijar-2017-206","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2017-206","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2017.206"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/ijar.5.2\/IJAR.2017.206.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-cloud-download\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ijmhr.org\/ijar-vol-5-2.htm\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-book\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Volume 5; Issue 2.2 (May 2017)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Page No.:<\/strong> 3866-3869<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2017.206<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">EXTERNAL EAR: MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY IN NORTH INDIAN MALES AND FEMALES<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Vijay Laxmi <sup>1<\/sup>,\u00a0 Palak <sup>2<\/sup>, Sharma Nidhi *<sup>3<\/sup>, JS Kullar <sup>4<\/sup>, RK Sharma <sup>5<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1,2,4,5 <\/sup>Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>*3 <\/sup>Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Address for correspondence: <\/strong>Dr.Nidhi Sharma, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. <strong>E-Mail<\/strong>: palakchhabra48@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Introduction: <\/strong>In humans, ear is the most defining feature of the face and its structure shows the signs of age and sex. The understanding of various dimensions of external ear with regards to different age and sex is necessary for correct reconstruction, forensic purposes and to determine accurately the position and orientation of auricular framework. This will also serve as a baseline to guide surgeons involved in the management of cases of the external ear.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Aim: <\/strong>this study aimed at determining the mean values of the different morphometric measurements from the right and left ears and at giving information about sex related dimensions of ear and right and left symmetry.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Materials and Methods:<\/strong> The present study was carried out on 100 medical students which consisted of 50 Males and 50 Females of age group 18-25 years of Government Medical College, Amritsar. All the parameters were taken by using standard digital vernier calliper which is capable of measuring to the nearest of 0.01mm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Results and Conclusion: <\/strong>The shape of the ear was found to be oval in most of the specimens. The TEH and TEW have higher values in males than females. The left ear indices were found to be greater than the right ones in female subjects, but same on both sides in male subjects. An observation was made that on the right side, females have higher LH than males. TL was also found to be greater in males when compared with females.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>KEY WORDS: <\/strong>Total Ear Height, Total Ear Width, Ear Index,\u00a0 Lobule Height, Lobule Width, Lobule Index, Tragus Length.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kalra D, Kalra A, Goel S. Anthrometric measurements of external ear: an in vivo study. Int J Enhanc Res Med\u00a0 Dent Care. 2015;2(3):10-6.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Iannarelli AV. Ear identification, forensic identification series, Fremont, California, Paramont Publishing Company.1989.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ruma P, Singh P. Anthropometry of the normal human auricle: A study of adult Indian men. J Aesth Plast Surg. 2007;31:372-9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Altmann F. Malformations of the auricle and external auditory meatus, Arch Otolaryngology. 1951;54:115-39.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shireen S, Vrushali P. \u201cAnthropometric Measurements of Human External Ear.\u201d Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2015;59(4):10333-8.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Singh P, Ruma P. Anthropological study of human auricle. Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine. 2006;28(2):46-8.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Verma K, Bhawana J, Kumar V. Morphological variation of ear for individual identification in forensic cases: a study of an Indian population. Res J Forensic Sci. 2014;2(1):1-8.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Natekar PE, De Souza FM, Demarking and identifying points- reliable criteria for determination of sex from external ear. Indian J Otol. 2012;18(1):24-6.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Imhofer R. Die Bedeutung der Ohrmuschel f\u00fcr die Feststellung der Identit\u00e4, Archiv f\u00fcr Kriminalanthropologie und Kriminalistik. 1906;2<strong>:<\/strong>150-63.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ito I, Ikeda M, Sueno K, Sugiura M, Suzuki S, Kida A. Anthropometric study on normal human auricle in Japan. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kalho. 2001;104(2):165-74.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jung S.H, Jung S.H, Surveying the dimensions and characterstics of Korean ears for the ergonomic design of ear-related products. Int. J. Ind. Ergon. 2003;31:361-73.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Barut C, Aktunc E. Anthropometric measurement of the external ear in a group of Turkish primary school students. Aesth Plast Surg 2006;30:255-9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\t\t\t <div class=\"promo1\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7; border-color: #6b0e00 #e8e6e6 #e8e6e6;\">\n             \t <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Vijay Laxmi, Palak, Sharma Nidhi, JS Kullar, RK Sharma. EXTERNAL EAR: MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY IN NORTH INDIAN MALES AND FEMALES. Int J Anat Res 2017;5(2.2):3866-3869. <strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2017.206 \u00a0\n             <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Type of Article:\u00a0\u00a0Original Research Volume 5; Issue 2.2 (May 2017) Page No.: 3866-3869 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2017.206 EXTERNAL EAR: MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY IN NORTH INDIAN MALES AND FEMALES Vijay Laxmi 1,\u00a0 Palak 2, Sharma Nidhi *3, JS Kullar 4, RK Sharma 5. 1,2,4,5 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. *3 Department of Pharmacology, Government<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2017-206\">+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/561"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=561"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/561\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":598,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/561\/revisions\/598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}