{"id":3007,"date":"2024-12-04T15:52:09","date_gmt":"2024-12-04T15:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=3007"},"modified":"2024-12-04T15:58:18","modified_gmt":"2024-12-04T15:58:18","slug":"ijar-2024-190","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2024-190","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2024.190"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/ijar.12.4\/IJAR.2024.190.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-cloud-download\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ijmhr.org\/ijar-vol-12-4.htm\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-book\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0 Review<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Volume 12; Issue 4 (December 2024)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Page No.:<\/strong> 9032-9041<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2024.190<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Voluntary Body Donation-Trends, People\u2019s Perceptions, Beliefs and Practices: A Review<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Veena Vidya Shankar <sup>1<\/sup>, Ashwini C Appaji *<sup>2<\/sup>. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1<\/sup> Professor of Anatomy, Ramaiah Medical College, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. <strong>ORCiD: <\/strong>0000 0002 0257 2032<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>*2<\/sup> Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Ramaiah Medical College, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. <strong>ORCiD:\u00a0<\/strong>0009-0006-8967-3130<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Corresponding Author<\/strong>: Dr Ashwini C Appaji, Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Ramaiah Medical College, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. <strong>E-Mail:<\/strong> ashwinica.rmc@msruas.ac.in<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Development of basic sciences in health care field depends on a strong foundation of Anatomy. Cadavers are required for training of students of health professionals. The source of these cadavers, in earlier days, were executed criminals, unclaimed bodies and voluntary body donations. Though the most ethical way of procuring cadavers for education and research purposes is body donation, the incidence of body donations varies across the world. The reasons could be different from person to person and from region to region. Factors that influence this opinion has been shown to be spiritual, religious and cultural\/traditional beliefs. Other factors which might influence the willingness to donate are age, gender, education, occupation, economy and law of the country. Spirituality with the sense of detachment and altruistic characteristics promote body donation. Age, males, education and awareness of body donation, occupation and economy also affect the intent to body donations. The health care community who understand the benefits of body donation are mostly not willing to donate because of personalized opinions of being dissected by colleagues, disrespectful behavior towards cadavers. The law of the country which encourages body donations try to address the fears and concerns of the common man to facilitate body donation. This could be in the form abiding to cremate as per his will after the utilisation of the body, written consent for the same and prioritizing his wish over others, providing due respect to the deceased in the form of memorial services, religious ceremonies and public display and honour of the donors<\/p>\n<p><strong>keywords:<\/strong> Voluntary Body Donation, Perceptions, Beliefs, Good Cadaver Practices.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[1]. Sehirli US, Saka E, Sarikaya O. Attitudes of Turkish Anatomists toward Cadaver Donation. Clinical Anatomy. 2004; 17:677-681<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.20056<br \/>PMid:15495167<br \/>[2]. Kumar K, Chandarana M, Kumar A. Body Donation and its Ethics. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences. 2019; 5(9):105-107.<br \/>[3]. Zdilla MJ, Balta JY. Human body donation and surgical training: a narrative review with global perspectives. Anatomical Science International. 2023; 98:1-11.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12565-022-00689-0<br \/>PMid:36227535 PMCid:PMC9845172<br \/>[4]. Riederer BM, Bolt S, Brenner E, L\u00f3pez JLB, Circulescu ARM, Davies DC, Caro RD, Gerrits PO, McHanwell S, Pais D, Paulsen F, Plaisant O, Sendemir E, Stabile I, Moxham BJ. The legal and ethical framework governing Body Donation in Europe &#8211; 1st update on current practice. Eur J Anat. 2012;16(1):1-21.<br \/>[5]. Santoshkumar DA, Bhusari PA, P R Kulkarni PR, Diwan CV. Body donation &#8211; The life after death. MedPulse &#8211; International Medical Journal. 2015; 2(4): 216-220.<br \/>[6]. Bhusari PA, Kathe DP, Khairnar KB, Shukla K, Chormunge VB. Whole Body Donation -An Attitude and Perception in North Maharashtra. International Journal of Health Sciences &amp; Research. 2012;2(2):15-20.<br \/>[7]. Naidoo N, Al-Sharif GA, Khan R, Azar A, Omer A. In death there is life: perceptions of the university community regarding body donation for educational purposes in the United Arab Emirates. Heliyon. 2021;7:1-12.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e07650<br \/>PMid:34381903 PMCid:PMC8333108<br \/>[8]. Jenkin RA, Garrett SA, Keay KA. Altruism in death: Attitudes to body and organ donation in Australian students. Anat Sci Educ.2023; 16:27-46.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ase.2180<br \/>PMid:35344291 PMCid:PMC10084255<br \/>[9]. Chen WL. Body Donation Registration in Taiwan: Reasons and Associated Psychological Factors. Healthcare. 2023; 11:1-11.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare11070969<br \/>PMid:37046896 PMCid:PMC10093931<br \/>[10]. Sharma DK, Rathore M, Siddiqui AU. &#8216;Body Donation Awareness&#8217; &#8211; The only solution for the Scarcity of Cadavers in Medical Education in India. Indian Journal of Anatomy.2014;3(4):201-206.<br \/>[11]. Alashek W, Ehtuish E, Elhabashi A, Emberish W, Mishra A. Reasons for unwillingness of Libyans to donate organs after death. Lybian J Med. 2009;4 (3):110-13.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4176\/090405<br \/>PMid:21483525 PMCid:PMC3066732<br \/>[12]. Habicht JL, Kiessling C, Winkelmann A. Bodies for Anatomy Education in Medical Schools: An Overview of the Sources of Cadavers Worldwide. Academic Medicine.2018;93(9):1293-1300.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002227<br \/>PMid:29561275 PMCid:PMC6112846<br \/>[13]. De Gama BZ, Jones DG, Bhengu TT, Satyapal KS. Cultural practices of the Zulu ethnic group on the body and their influence on body donation. Anat Sci Educ.2020; 0:1-11.<br \/>[14]. Sehrawat S. The Understanding Of Death And Removal Of Fear From The Perspective Of The Bhagavad-Gita. IJCRT.2020; 8(6):77-80<br \/>[15]. Rokade SA, Bahetee BH. Body donation in India: a review. Int J Res Med Sci 2013;1:173-7.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/2320-6012.ijrms20130814<br \/>[16]. Aiyar KN. Thirty Minor Upanishads. University of Toronto Archives: 113.<br \/>[17]. Sakai T. Body Donation: An act of love supporting anatomy education. JMAJ.2008; 51(1): 39-45.<br \/>[18]. Subasinghe SK, D. Jones G. Human Body Donation Programs in Sri Lanka: Buddhist Perspectives. Anat Sci Educ.2015; 00:02-06.<br \/>[19]. Jacob M, Avadhani RK, Nallathamby R, Soman MA, Bindhu S. Body donation as gift to medical science for better tomorrow &#8211; Literature review. NUJHS.2015;5(1):108-110.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1703878<br \/>[20]. Akinola OB. Formal Body Bequest Program in Nigerian Medical Schools: When Do We Start? Anat Sci Educ.2011; 4:239-242.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ase.226<br \/>PMid:21567985<br \/>[21]. Winkelmann A, G\u00fcldner FH. Cadavers as teachers: the dissecting room experience in Thailand.BMJ.2004;329:18-25.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.329.7480.1455<br \/>PMid:15604182 PMCid:PMC535977<br \/>[22]. Zhang X, Peng L, Li LJ, Fan W, Deng J, Wei X, Liu X, Li Z. Knowledge, attitude and willingness of different ethnicities to participate in cadaver donation programs. Plos One.2020;15(3):1-11.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0229529<br \/>PMid:32163429 PMCid:PMC7067454<br \/>[23]. Jiang J, Zhang M, Meng H, Cui X, Yang Y, Yuan L, Su C, Wang J, Zhang L. Demographic and motivational factors affecting the whole-body donation programme in Nanjing, China: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ.2019;1-10.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035539<br \/>PMid:32895264 PMCid:PMC7478054<br \/>[24]. Armstrong GT. Age: an indicator of willingness to donate. J Transplant Coord.1996; 6(4): 171-3.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/090591999600600404<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7182\/prtr.1.6.4.r4w88l31h5885255<br \/>PMid:9188379<br \/>[25]. Boulware LE, Ratner LE, Sosa JA, Cooper LA, La Veist TA, Powe NR. Transplantation. 2002;73(10): 1683-91.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007890-200205270-00029<br \/>PMid:12042662<br \/>[26]. Saha A, Sarkar A, Mandal S. Body Donation after Death. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2015;9(6): AC05-AC09.<br \/>[27]. Jones DG, Whitaker MI. Anatomy&#8217;s Use of Unclaimed Bodies: Reasons Against Continued Dependence on an Ethically Dubious Practice.2012;25:246-254.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.21223<br \/>PMid:21800367<br \/>[28]. Jones C. Cadaveric confusion: conflicts between whole body donation and family wishes. Texas Tech University School of Law.2020:395-406<br \/>[29]. Ghosh SK, Chakraborty S. Voluntary body donation in India: perceptions of first year medical students. Investigaci\u00f3n en educaci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica. 2018;7(27):61-71.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22201\/facmed.20075057e.2018.27.1741<br \/>[30]. Richardson R, Hurwitz B. Donors&#8217; attitudes towards body donation for dissection. Lancet 1995; 346:277-279.<br \/>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92166-4<br \/>PMid:7630248<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\t\t\t <div class=\"promo1\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7; border-color: #6b0e00 #e8e6e6 #e8e6e6;\">\n             \t <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Veena Vidya Shankar, Ashwini C Appaji. Voluntary Body Donation-Trends, People\u2019s Perceptions, Beliefs and Practices: A Review. Int J Anat Res 2024;12(4):9032-9041. <strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2024.190\u00a0 \n             <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Type of Article:\u00a0 Review Volume 12; Issue 4 (December 2024) Page No.: 9032-9041 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2024.190 Voluntary Body Donation-Trends, People\u2019s Perceptions, Beliefs and Practices: A Review Veena Vidya Shankar 1, Ashwini C Appaji *2. 1 Professor of Anatomy, Ramaiah Medical College, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. ORCiD: 0000 0002 0257 2032 *2 Professor and<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2024-190\">+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3007"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3007"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3010,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3007\/revisions\/3010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}