{"id":2907,"date":"2024-03-01T07:03:34","date_gmt":"2024-03-01T07:03:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=2907"},"modified":"2024-03-01T07:03:34","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T07:03:34","slug":"ijar-2023-259","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2023-259","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2023.259"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

Type of Article:<\/strong> \u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n

Volume 12; Issue 1 (March 2024)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Page No.:<\/strong> 8840-8848<\/h3>\n

DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2023.259<\/h3>\n

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Study of Some Morphogenetic Traits in a Nigerian Population<\/h3>\n

Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Jennifer Efe *1<\/sup>, Lilian Ebele Chris-Ozoko 1<\/sup>, Enaohwo Mamerhi Taniyohwo 1<\/sup>, Ubogu Joseph Aforkogene 1<\/sup>, Emmanuel Ikechukwu Okolie 2<\/sup>, Innocent Onyesom 3<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

*1<\/sup> Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England.<\/p>\n

3 <\/sup>Malaria Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.<\/p>\n

ORCiD:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Jennifer Efe: <\/strong>0000-0002-5921-0876<\/p>\n

Lilian Ebele Chris-Ozoko: \u00a0<\/strong>0000-0001-8092-4382<\/p>\n

Innocent Onyesom: <\/strong>0000-0001-7095-7666<\/p>\n

Ubogu Joseph Aforkogene: NA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Ikechukwu Okolie: <\/strong>0000-0002-8510-2828<\/p>\n

Emmanuel Ikechukwu Okolie: <\/strong>0000-0002-8510-2828<\/p>\n

Corresponding Author:<\/strong> Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Jennifer Efe, Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.\u00a0E-Mail:<\/strong> efemenaojigho@gmail.com<\/p>\n

ABSTRACT<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n

Background: <\/strong>The Hardy-Weinberg (HW) equilibrium studies the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies within a population. It provides a mathematical benchmark for a population that is evolving and not evolving.<\/p>\n

Aim: <\/strong>This study investigated six morphogenetic traits among families in a Nigerian population using the Hardy-Weinberg principle with the aim of evaluating if the population was in HW equilibrium.<\/p>\n

Methodology:\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0A total of 45 families comprising a father, mother and at least one offspring were conveniently sampled in Ogbe- Ijoh district in Delta State, Nigeria. Earlobe attachment, Hand clasping, Hitchhiker\u2019s thumb, Leg folding, Morton’s toe and Widow’s peak were studied for their allelic and genotypic frequencies. The Chi-square test was used to analyse the association between these traits and sex, and conformance to the Mendelian inheritance pattern was evaluated with a Mendelian Chi-square. \u00a0The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium compared the allelic frequencies of parents with those of offspring. \u00a0<\/p>\n

Results: <\/strong>Males had higher frequencies for attached earlobes, Morton\u2019s toe and widow’s peak (35.1, 51.9, 49.4%), while the females showed a predominance for hitchhiker’s thumb, right hand clasping and leg folding (50,72.4,70.7%). There was no association between the traits and gender (p>0.05). From the Mendelian Chi-square, free earlobe, right-hand clasping, right leg folding, Morton’s toe (SBt), the recessive phenotype of hitchhiker’s thumb as well as widow’s peak were the dominant traits in the studied population (X2<\/sup>\u00a0 < 3.841 ). The H-W equation revealed a deviation of the offspring\u2019s genotype from those of the parents for earlobe, hand clasping, leg folding, Morton\u2019s toe and widow’s peak (1:1:2 [1:1; 4]; 2: 1: 3 [1:1:2]; 3:1:3 [1:1:2]; 5: 1: 4 [6:1:5}; 5:1:4 [7: 1:5]). However, parental and offspring alleles were identical for hitchhiker’s thumb (5:1:5 [5:1: 5]). The homozygotes for both parents and offspring outnumbered the heterozygotes for all traits (295: 245; 156: 119).<\/p>\n

Conclusion: <\/strong>The study showed that only the hitchhiker’s thumb was in HW equilibrium, suggesting that evolution may not occur at that locus.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Mendel, Traits, Nigeria, Population.<\/p>\n

REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n \t Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Jennifer Efe, Lilian Ebele Chris-Ozoko, Enaohwo Mamerhi Taniyohwo, Ubogu Joseph Aforkogene, Emmanuel Ikechukwu Okolie, Innocent Onyesom. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Study of Some Morphogenetic Traits in a Nigerian Population. Int J Anat Res 2024;12(1):8840-8848. DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2023.259\u00a0 \n <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n\n\n

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Type of Article: \u00a0Original Research Volume 12; Issue 1 (March 2024) Page No.: 8840-8848 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2023.259 Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Study of Some Morphogenetic Traits in a Nigerian Population Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Jennifer Efe *1, Lilian Ebele Chris-Ozoko 1, Enaohwo Mamerhi Taniyohwo 1, Ubogu Joseph Aforkogene 1, Emmanuel Ikechukwu Okolie 2, Innocent Onyesom 3. *1 Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty
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