{"id":2393,"date":"2020-11-09T15:07:11","date_gmt":"2020-11-09T15:07:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=2393"},"modified":"2020-11-09T15:07:11","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T15:07:11","slug":"ijar-2020-221","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2020-221","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2020.221"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

Type of Article:<\/strong> \u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n

Volume 8; Issue 4.1 (November 2020)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Page No.:<\/strong> 7782-7787<\/h3>\n

DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2020.221<\/h3>\n

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF PLANTAR ARCH INDEX AND THE PREVALENCE OF FLATFOOT AMONG TRIBES<\/h3>\n

Adjei-Antwi Collins 1<\/sup>, Chrissie Stansie Abaidoo *2<\/sup>, Nketsiah James 3<\/sup>, JoshuaTetteh 4<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Department of Anatomy, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.<\/p>\n

*2<\/sup> Vice Dean of School of Medicine and Dentistry and Head of Department of Anatomy, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.<\/p>\n

3<\/sup> Department of Anatomy, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.<\/p>\n

4<\/sup> Department of Anatomy School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.<\/p>\n

Corresponding Author: <\/strong>Prof. Chrissie Stansie Abaidoo, Vice Dean of School of Medicine and Dentistry and Head of Department of Anatomy, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. +233 208 126 817\u00a0E-Mail:<\/strong> knustsmsanat1@gmail.com<\/p>\n

ABSTRACT<\/h3>\n

Flatfoot (pes planus), commonest foot deformity caused by the absence or collapse of the medial longitudinal arch.\u00a0 Flatfoot results in serious health problems and postural defects.\u00a0 It is highly variable in different populations with many factors associated.\u00a0 This study was conducted to find the plantar arch index and the prevalence of flatfoot and its relationship with tribes in Ghana.\u00a0 A total of 278 participants (172 males and 106 females) with ages ranging from 16 to 34 years were recruited for the study.\u00a0 Ethical approval and participants\u2019 informed consent were sought prior to the study.\u00a0 Participants were drawn from the Akan, Ewe, Ga-Dangbe and other tribes (Dagomba, Dagabaa, Frafra, Gonja, Wale Wale etc).\u00a0 Foot imprints were taken from each participant using the ink method.\u00a0 The plantar arch index was calculated using the ratio of the width of the central and the heel region of the footprint.\u00a0 The mean right plantar arch index was higher than the left.\u00a0 The prevalence of flatfoot was 15.1% (6.1% unilateral left, 5.8% unilateral right and 3.2% bilateral).\u00a0 The prevalence rate was 15.7% in males and 14.1% in females.\u00a0 The prevalence rates reported for the Ga-Dangbes and Ewes were 30.8% and 23.6% respectively. On the other hand, both Akans and individuals belonging to the other tribes recorded the same prevalence rate of 13.7%.\u00a0 Flatfoot was found to be high among the Ga-Dangbes.\u00a0 Ethnicity as an external factor has a great role in influencing foot arch structure.\u00a0 Also, sex has an influence on the morphology of an individual\u2019s foot.<\/p>\n

KEY WORDS: <\/strong>Flatfoot, Pes planus, Foot deformity, Medial Longitudinal Arch.<\/p>\n

REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]. Daneshmandi, H., Rahnema, N. and Mehdizadeh, R. Relationship between Obesity and Flatfoot in High-school Boys and Girls. International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering 2009;3(1):043-049.
\n[2]. Bhoir, T., Anap, D. B. and Diwate, A. Prevalence of Flat Foot among 18 -25 Years Old Physiotherapy Students: Cross Sectional Study. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research 2014;3(4):272-278.
\n[3]. Periya, S. N. and Alagesan, J. Prevelence and incidence of flat foot among Middle East and Asian Population:An Overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Health, 2017;4(7): 8-9.
\n[4]. Jaiswal, K. K., Patel, V. and Nagekar, K. Study of correlation between planter arch index and BMI in young adults. International Journal of Current Research 2018;10(08): 72948-72953.
\n[5]. Singrolay, R. and Singh, R. K. Staheli’s plantar arch index measured by simple footprint method is an effective diagnostic tool for flat foot as other radiological methods- A comparative study. International Journal of Science and Research, 2015;4(2277): 81-83.
\n[6]. Vangara, S. V., Gopichand, P. V., Bedi, M. and Puri, N. Effect of barefoot walking on foot arch structure in Tribal children. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016;7(5): 108.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/ajms.v7i5.15241
\n[7]. Pranati, T., Yuvraj Babu, K. and Ganesh, K. Assessment of plantar arch index and prevalence of flat feet among south indian adolescent population. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2017;9(4):490-492.
\n[8]. Ampong K. An anthropometric study of footprint dimensions as a model for height and sex determination in Ghana. Unpublished Mphil thesis, KNUST; 2017;1-115.
\n[9]. Hernandez, A., Kimura, L. and Laraya, M. Calculation of Staheli’s Plantar Arch Index and Prevalence of Flat Feet\u202f: a Study With 100 Children Aged 5-9 Years. Acta Ortop\u00e9dica Brasileira 2007;15:68-71.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1413-78522007000200001
\n[10]. Daniel, D. K., Chandrasekaran, C. and Mano, A. A Study on Prevalence of Flat Feet Among School Children in Kanchipuram Population. International Journal of Anatomy Research, 2015;3(3):1240-1244.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2015.201
\n[11]. Ibikunle, P. and Ikekwem, E. C. Prevalence of pes planus and its associated factors among primary school pupils aged 8- 12 years in southeast Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medical Rehabilitation, 2017;19(1):1-19.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.34058\/njmr.v19i1.164
\n[12]. Chang, J.-H., Wang, S.-H., Kuo, C.-L., Shen, H. C., Hong, Y.-W. and Lin, L.-C. Prevalence of flexible flatfoot in Taiwanese school-aged children in relation to obesity, gender, and age. European Journal of Pediatrics, 2010;169(4): 447-452.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-009-1050-9
\nPMid:19756732
\n[13]. Bhattacharjee, N. and Goswami, M. Footprint analysis and prevalence of flatfoot: A study among the children of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. Anthropological Review, 2017;80(4):369-380.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/anre-2017-0026
\n[14]. Senadheera, V. V, Nawagamuwa, B. M., Nidhya, K., Sivappriyan, S., Warnasooriya, W. M. S. M., Madhuranga, P. M. and Peiris, H. R. D. Prevalence and associated factors of flatfoot among 6 to 10 aged children in central province of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Physiotherapy 2016;3(3):310-315.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.15621\/ijphy\/2016\/v3i3\/100834
\n[15]. Ezeukwu, A. O., Orji, E. A., Okezue, O. C. and Ezugwu, U. A. Foot anthropometric measurement of primary school Children with and without flatfoot: A comparative study. Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences, 2018;17(2): 1-5.
\n[16]. Ezemagu, U. K, Nwokporo, A. Uchenna, Egwu A. J. and Uzomba, G. C. An Assessment of Plantar Arch Indexes and Prevalence of Flat Foot (Pesplanus), in Relation to Occupations in Ikwo L.G.A of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, 2018;8(6): 9-18.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.24247\/ijmpsdec20182
\n[17]. Rithanya, P., Babu, K. Y. and Mohanraj, K. G. Assessment of flat foot by plantar arch index using footprint in aged population. Drug Inventor Today, 2018;10(11): 2142-2145.
\n[18]. Umar, M.B. T. and Adeyemi, P. Incidence of Pes planus and Anthropometric Comparison between Flat and Normal Foot of the Yoruba Ethnic Group of Nigeria. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, 2010;5(6):412-416.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3923\/rjasci.2010.412.416<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t

\n \t Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Adjei-Antwi Collins, Chrissie Stansie Abaidoo, Nketsiah James, JoshuaTetteh. MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF PLANTAR ARCH INDEX AND THE PREVALENCE OF FLATFOOT AMONG TRIBES. Int J Anat Res 2020;8(4.1):7782-7787. DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2020.221\u00a0 \n <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Type of Article: \u00a0Original Research Volume 8; Issue 4.1 (November 2020) Page No.: 7782-7787 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2020.221 MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF PLANTAR ARCH INDEX AND THE PREVALENCE OF FLATFOOT AMONG TRIBES Adjei-Antwi Collins 1, Chrissie Stansie Abaidoo *2, Nketsiah James 3, JoshuaTetteh 4. 1 Department of Anatomy, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. *2 Vice
+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2393"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2393"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2405,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2393\/revisions\/2405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}