{"id":2185,"date":"2020-02-06T15:36:19","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T15:36:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=2185"},"modified":"2020-02-06T15:36:19","modified_gmt":"2020-02-06T15:36:19","slug":"ijar-2019-366","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2019-366","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2019.366"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n

Volume 8; Issue 1.2 (February 2020)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Page No.:<\/strong>\u00a07320-7323<\/h3>\n

DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2019.366<\/h3>\n

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PONTICULI IN ADULT HUMAN ATLAS VERTEBRAE<\/h3>\n

Dakshayani. K.R *1<\/sup>, Rajapur. Parashuram 2<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

*1<\/sup> Professor and HOD, Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\n

Corresponding Author: <\/strong>Dr. Dakshayani. K.R, Professor and HOD, Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.\u00a0E-Mail:<\/strong> dakshayanikr@gmail.com; drparashuram100@yahoo.com<\/p>\n

ABSTRACT<\/h3>\n

Introduction: <\/strong>The atlas, the first cervical vertebra, supports the head. It is unique in that it fails to incorporate a centrum. Because it supports the skull, it was named after Atlas who, according to Greek mythology, supported the earth on his shoulders. Frequently bony spurs arise from the anterior and posterior margins of the groove for the vertebral artery. These are sometimes referred to as Ponticles, and they occasionally convert the groove into a foramen. More often the foramen is incomplete superiorly. Arcuate foramen also known as ponticulus posticus (Latin for \u201clittle posterior bridge\u201d).<\/p>\n

Aims and Objectives:<\/strong> To study the proportion and various types of ponticuli.<\/p>\n

Materials and methods: <\/strong>Present study was conducted on 100 adult human atlas vertebrae, collected from the department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\n

Observations and Results:<\/strong> Out of 100 atlas vertebrae examined, 20 atlas vertebrae showed ponticuli of various types. 27 Ponticuli was observed in twenty (20) atlas vertebra as follows: a) Ponticulus posticus -15 b) Ponticulus lateralis -07 c) Ponticulus posterolateral -05 d) Complete Ponticulus -11 e) Incomplete Ponticulus -16 e) Bilateral Ponticulus -07 f) Unilateral Ponticulus -13. g) Right side -17 and Left side -10.<\/p>\n

Conclusion: <\/strong>Proper identification of\u00a0\u00a0 this anomaly on preoperative lateral radiographs should alert the surgeon to avoid using the ponticulus as a starting point for a lateral mass screw in order to not injure the vertebral artery. It is also useful to surgeons who face regularly the patients complaining about the symptoms of\u00a0\u00a0 vertebrobasilar insufficiency like headache, vertigo, migraine.<\/p>\n

Key words:<\/strong> Atlas Vertebra, Ponticulus, Vertebral Artery, Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency.<\/p>\n

REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
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  2. Cushing KE et al. Tethering of the vertebral artery in the congenital arcuate foramen of the atlas vertebra: a possible cause of vertebral artery dissection in children. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001; 43(7): 491-496.<\/li>\n
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  6. Lalit M et al. Incidence of atlas bridges and tunnels: their phylogeny, ontogeny and clinical implications. Rev Arg de Anat Clin. 2014; 6(1): 26-34.<\/li>\n
  7. Rekha BS, Rajeshwari T. Study of ponticuli in human atlas vertebrae. Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences Nov 2013; 2(45): 8849-8855.<\/li>\n
  8. Kavakli A et al. Variants and deformities of atlas vertebrae in eastern Anatolian people. Saudi Med J. 2004; 25(3): 322-325.<\/li>\n
  9. Jawed A et al. A morphological study of ponticuli of the human atlas vertebrae and its clinical significance. Int J Anat Res 2015; 3(4): 1597-1602.<\/li>\n
  10. Mitchell J. The incidence of the lateral bridge of the atlas vertebra. J of Anat 1998b; 193: 283-285.<\/li>\n
  11. Taitz C, Nathan H. Some observations on the posterior and lateral bridge of the atlas. Acta Anatomica. 1986; 127(3): 212-217.<\/li>\n
  12. Dhall U, Chabra S, Dhall JC. Bilateral asymmetry in bridges and superior articular facets of atlas vertebra. J Anat Soc. India. 1993; 42(1): 23-27.<\/li>\n
  13. Hasan M et al. Posterolateral tunnels and ponticuli in human atlas vertebrae. J Anat 2001; 199: 339-343.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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    \n \t Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Dakshayani. K.R, Rajapur. Parashuram. MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PONTICULI IN ADULT HUMAN ATLAS VERTEBRAE. Int J Anat Res 2020;8(1.2):7320-7323.\u00a0DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2019.366\u00a0 \n <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Type of Article:\u00a0\u00a0Original Research Volume 8; Issue 1.2 (February 2020) Page No.:\u00a07320-7323 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2019.366 MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PONTICULI IN ADULT HUMAN ATLAS VERTEBRAE Dakshayani. K.R *1, Rajapur. Parashuram 2. *1 Professor and HOD, Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. 2 Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College and Research
    + Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2185"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2185"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2192,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2185\/revisions\/2192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}