{"id":2139,"date":"2020-01-05T07:24:54","date_gmt":"2020-01-05T07:24:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=2139"},"modified":"2020-01-05T07:24:54","modified_gmt":"2020-01-05T07:24:54","slug":"ijar-2019-356","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2019-356","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2019.356"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/ijar.8.1\/IJAR.2019.356.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-cloud-download\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ijmhr.org\/ijar-vol-8-1.htm\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-book\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Volume 8; Issue 1.1 (January 2020)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Page No.:<\/strong>\u00a07271-7276<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2019.356<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF INCA BONE IN ADULT HUMAN EGYPTIAN SKULLS<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ibrahim Hassan Ibrahim.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human anatomy and embryology department, faculty of medicine, Zagazig University , Sharkia, Egypt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Corresponding author: <\/strong>Ibrahim Hassan Ibrahim, Human anatomy and embryology department, faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt. Postal Code: 44519\u00a0Phone: +201006501801 <strong>E-Mail:<\/strong> ebrahimelazony5555@yahoo.com<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">ABSTRACT<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Background<\/strong>: The Inca bone is integral part of the\u00a0 occipital bone of the skull in its interparietal region and<em>\u00a0 appears\u00a0 during radiological examination of the skull.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Aim of the work<\/strong>: This study aimed to estimate the incidence rates and variations of interparietal (Inca) and preinterparietal bones in adult \u00a0human Egyptian skulls .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Materials and methods<\/strong>: In the present study \u00a060 dry human Egyptian skulls (37 males and 23 females) were \u00a0examined \u00a0to determine the incidence rates of Inca and preinterparietal\u00a0 bones with detailed measurements for Inca bone in mm using electronic digital caliber.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Results<\/strong>: The incidence rates of Inca and preinterparietal\u00a0 bones were higher in male skulls than female skulls and the interparietal or Inca bone was observed in only 4 skulls ( 6.66% ) while\u00a0 the preinterparietal bone was observed only in 2 \u00a0skulls ( 3.33 %) .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong>: The presence \u00a0of \u00a0the\u00a0 Inca\u00a0 and\u00a0 preinterparietal \u00a0bones \u00a0was rare in the human \u00a0Egyptian skulls and \u00a0their incidence \u00a0rates\u00a0 were higher in male skulls .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key words:<\/strong> Inca, Interparietal Bone, Preinterparietal Bone.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Saxena SK , Chowdhary\u00a0 DS &amp; Jain\u00a0 Interparietal bones in Nigerian skulls . J. Anat. 1986; 144:235- 7.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gopinathan A rare anomaly of 5 ossicles in the pre-interparietal part of the squamous occipital bone in north Indians. J.Anat. 1992;180:201-2.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pal GP, Tamankar\u00a0 BP, Routal \u00a0RV &amp; Bhagwat, SS. The ossification of the membraneous part of the squamous occipital bone in man. J. Anat. 1984;138 (Pt 2):259-66.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shah MP,\u00a0 Desai\u00a0 SG\u00a0 &amp; Gupta\u00a0 A Study of Interparietal Bone in 105 Human Skulls of Gujarat Population. GCSMC\u00a0\u00a0 J. Med. Sci. 2014;3(1):28-30.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Matsumura G, Uchiumi T, Kida K, Ichikawa\u00a0 R &amp; Kodama \u00a0 Developmental studies on the interparietal part of the human occipital squama. J. Anat. 1993;182(Pt 2):197-204.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hanihara T &amp; Ishida\u00a0 Os incae : variation in frequency in major\u00a0 human\u00a0 population\u00a0 groups. J. Anat. 2001;198 (Pt 2):137-52.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Badkur DS,\u00a0 Sharma\u00a0 V\u00a0 &amp; Badkur \u00a0 Medicolegal Importance of Inca Bone in Forensic Identification. J. Indian Acad\u00a0 Forensic Med. 2011;33(4):358 \u2013 60 .<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nirmale V , Laeeque\u00a0 M &amp; Diwan\u00a0 VARIATION\u00a0 IN FREQUENCY OF OS INCAE IN HUMAN SKULL. International Journal of\u00a0 Basic\u00a0 Medical\u00a0 Science, 2012;3(1):39-44.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khan AA , Ullah\u00a0 M , Asari\u00a0 MA\u00a0 &amp; Hassan\u00a0 \u00a0Interparietal\u00a0 Bone\u00a0 Variations\u00a0 in\u00a0 Accordance\u00a0 with\u00a0 their\u00a0 Ossification\u00a0 Centres in Human\u00a0 Skulls. Int. J. Morphol. 2013;31(2):546-52.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shah K, Shah\u00a0 P\u00a0 &amp; Shah\u00a0 Study of Interparietal Bone in 100 Human Skulls .International Journal of\u00a0 Scientific\u00a0 Research , 2013;2(5):466.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sharma V,\u00a0 Jeewane\u00a0 S, Marskone \u00a0S\u00a0 &amp; Soni\u00a0 Os Inca Totum -Anthropological and Embryological Basis. People&#8217;s Journal of Scientific Research, 2014 ;7(1):34- 6.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Walulkar S, Walulkar\u00a0 M \u00a0&amp; Ksheersagar \u00a0 Study of Inca bone\u00a0 in\u00a0 Vidarbha\u00a0 region of\u00a0 Maharashtra . PJMS 2013;3(1):19-23.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Saukko P &amp; Knight The Establishment of Identity of Human Remains.In: Knight&#8217;s Forensic Pathology, 4<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0 ed., CRC Press , 2015 pp:106-7.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Standring Gray&#8217;s Anatomy E-Book.The Anatomical Basis of Clinical\u00a0 Practice , 41<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0 ed., Elsevier\u00a0 Health Sciences , 2015 pp:416-28.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y\u00fccel F , E\u011e\u0130LMEZ\u00a0 H\u00a0 &amp;\u00a0 Akg\u00fcn\u00a0 Z \u00a0: A Study on the Interparietal\u00a0 Bone in Man. Tr. J. of\u00a0 Medical\u00a0 Sciences , 1998;28:505-9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Srivastava Ossification of the membranous portion of the squamous part of\u00a0 the occipital bone in man. J. Anat. 1992;180:219-24.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Murlimanju BV, Prabhu\u00a0 LV, Paul\u00a0 MT,\u00a0 Pai\u00a0 MM\u00a0 , Krishnamurthy\u00a0 A\u00a0 &amp; Rai\u00a0 Variant morphogensis of squamous part of occipital bone in human skulls. J. Morphol. Sci, 2010;27(3-4):139\u201341.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marathe RR, Yogesh\u00a0 AS, Pandit\u00a0 SV, Joshi\u00a0 M &amp; Trivedi \u00a0 Inca-interparietal bones in neurocranium of human skulls in central India. Journal of\u00a0 Neurosciences in\u00a0 Rural\u00a0 Practice , 2010;1(1):14-6.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nagarajan K\u00a0 &amp;\u00a0 Ganesh MK. Variations in the Occurrence of \u201cOs Inca\u201d and its Cranial Deformities in South Indian Dry Skulls. J.Pharm.Sci. &amp; Res. 2017;9(2):167-9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pal Variations of the interparietal bone in man. J. Anat. 1987;152:205-8.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Srivastava Development of ossification centres in the squamous portion of the occipital bone in man. J. Anat. 1977;124 (Pt 3):643\u20139.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Singh PJ , Gupta\u00a0 CD &amp; Arora \u00a0AK : Incidence of interparietal bones in adult skulls of Agra Region. Anat. Anz. 1979;145(5):528- 31.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zambare Incidence of Interparietal Bones in Adult Skulls. J.Anat.Soc. India, 2001;50(1):11-12.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kumud OS INCAE MORPHOMETRIC, CLINICAL AND MEDICOLEGAL\u00a0 PERSPECTIVES . J. Anat. Soc. India. 2011;60(2):218-23.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\t\t\t <div class=\"promo1\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7; border-color: #6b0e00 #e8e6e6 #e8e6e6;\">\n             \t <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Ibrahim IH. ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF INCA BONE IN ADULT HUMAN EGYPTIAN SKULLS. Int J Anat Res 2020;8(1.1):7271-7276.\u00a0<strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2019.356\u00a0 \n             <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Type of Article:\u00a0\u00a0Original Research Volume 8; Issue 1.1 (January 2020) Page No.:\u00a07271-7276 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2019.356 ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF INCA BONE IN ADULT HUMAN EGYPTIAN SKULLS Ibrahim Hassan Ibrahim. Human anatomy and embryology department, faculty of medicine, Zagazig University , Sharkia, Egypt. Corresponding author: Ibrahim Hassan Ibrahim, Human anatomy and embryology department, faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia,<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2019-356\">+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2139"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2139"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2162,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2139\/revisions\/2162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}