{"id":1871,"date":"2019-05-05T13:21:44","date_gmt":"2019-05-05T13:21:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=1871"},"modified":"2019-05-05T13:21:44","modified_gmt":"2019-05-05T13:21:44","slug":"ijar-2019-162","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2019-162","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2019.162"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/ijar.7.2\/IJAR.2019.162.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-cloud-download\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ijmhr.org\/ijar-vol-7-2.htm\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-book\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Volume 7; Issue 2.2 (May 2019)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Page No.:<\/strong>\u00a06536-6540<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2019.162<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">SUBAXIAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE: MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE PEDICLES, LAMINAE AND VERTEBRAL FORAMINA<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ganesh Khemnar *<sup>1<\/sup>, Rajendra Garud <sup>2<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>*1 <\/sup>Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>2 <\/sup>Professor and Head of Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Address for Correspondence: <\/strong>Dr. Ganesh Khemnar, <sup>1<\/sup>Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. <strong>E-Mail:<\/strong> khemnarganesh@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ABSTRACT:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Introduction:<\/strong> The cervical region of vertebral column being the most common site of expression of stress in the form of pain in neck, cervical disc prolapse and cervical neuropraxia. Cervical vertebral column is influenced by mechanical, environmental, genetic, metabolic and hormonal factor and has to react to the forces of every day. \u00a0Accurate anatomical descriptions of the pedicle, lamina and vertebral foramen are necessary for development and use of implantable devices and for spinal instrumentation that ranges from \u2018transpedicular screw fixation\u2019 to \u2018vertebroplasty\u2019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Aim: <\/strong>To study the morphometric database of pedicles, laminae and vertebral foramina of subaxial cervical vertebrae.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Materials and Methods:<\/strong> Fifty-seven dry macerated sets of adult human cervical vertebral columns of unknown sex and age in the Department of Anatomy in Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Pune and Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune in Maharashtra. The length, thickness and height of pedicles and laminae and anteroposterior and transverse length of vertebral foramina were measured with digital Vernier caliper<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Observation:<\/strong> The pedicle length and thickness was found to increase uniformly from C3 to C7. Thickness of lamina was found to be maximum at C7 vertebra. Maximum anteroposterior length of vertebral foramen was observed at C3 and the maximum transverse length at C6.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong> The result of this study will help in designing implants and instruments related to the cervical vertebral column. It can also help in the management of traumatic and pathological fractures of cervical vertebral column.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>KEY WORDS:<\/strong>\u00a0 Cervical Vertebrae, Pedicle, Lamina, Vertebral foramen, Sub axial.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Susan Standring Gray\u2019s Anatomy 41<sup>th<\/sup>ed, 2016. pp 714-717, 718-724, 762.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Williams PL, Warwick RC. Gray\u2019s Anatomy 36<sup>th<\/sup> ed, 1980; p 271.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Davis PR.Human lower lumbar vertebrae: Some mechanical and osteological considerations. Journal of Anatomy, 1961;95:337-334.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Torg JS, Pavlov H, Genvario SE et al, Neurapraxia of the cervical spinal cord with transient quadriplegia. J. Bone Joint Surg Am 1986;68:1354-1370.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pavlov H, Torg JS, Robie B et al cervical canal stenosis determination with vertebrae body ratio method. Radiol 1987;164:771\u2013775.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Berens DL. Morphometry of the lumbar spine: Anatomical perspectives related to transpedicular fixation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1990;72:541-9.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hou S, Hu R, Shi Y. Pedicle morphology of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine in a Chinese population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1993;18:1850-5.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">J F. Mart\u00b4\u0131nez-Lage, M. Felipe-Murcia, and L. Mart\u00b4\u0131nez-Lage Azor\u00b4\u0131n, \u201cLate prevertebral abscess following anterior cervical plating: the missing screw,\u201d Neurocirugia 2007;18(2):111\u2013114.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">E. Geyer and M. A. Foy, \u201cOral extrusion of a screw after anterior cervical spine plating,\u201d Spine 2001;26(16):1814\u20131816.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">T.Wong, M. G. Fehlings, and E. M.Massicotte, \u201cAnterior cervical screw extrusion leading to acute upper airway obstruction:case report,\u201d Spine 2005;30(22):E683\u2013E686.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pompili, S. Canitano, F. Caroli et al., \u201cAsymptomatic esophageal perforation caused by late screw migration after anterior cervical plating: report of a case and review of relevant literature,\u201d Spine, 2002;27(23):E499\u2013E502.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Deepak Ranjan Das, Archana Singh, Rakesh Gupta, A morphometric study of body and vertebral canal of thoracic vertebrae &amp; its clinical significance, Int J Anat Res 2018;6(4.1):5735-42.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Basar Abuzayed, Banu Tutunculer, Baris Kucukyuruk. Anatomic basic of anterior and posterior instrumentation of the spine: morphometric study. Surg Radiol Anat. 2010;32:75-85.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pal G P, Routal R V. A Study of weight transmission through cervical and upper thoracic Region of the vertebral column in man. Journal of Anatomy, 1986;148:245-261.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khaled MF, Saoud et al.Assessment of instability following cervical laminectomy for cervical spondylotic mye lopathy amd its effect on the clinical out come. World Spine Journal, 2007;2(1):22-26.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pal GP, Routal RV.The role of the vertebral laminae in the stability of the cervical spine. Journal of Anatomy, 1996;188:455-489.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pal GP, Routal RV.Transmission of weight through the lower thoracic and lumbar regions of the vertebral column in man. Journal of Anatomy, 1987;152:93-105.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Louis R.Spinal stability as defined by the three column spine concept. Anatomia clinica, 1985;7:33-42.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Blackley HR, Plank LD, Robertson PA Determining the sagittal dimensions of the canal of the typical cervical spine. The reliability of ratios of Anatomical measurements. Bone Joint Surg (Bor) 1999;81\u2013B(1):110\u2013112.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Murone I.The importance of the sagittal lengths of the\u00a0 cervical spinal canal in relation to spondylosis\u00a0 &amp; myelopathy. J. Bone joint surgery [Br], 1974; 56-B: pp 30-36.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Susan Standring Gray\u2019s Anatomy 40<sup>th<\/sup>ed, 2008 pp 712-721, 749.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\t\t\t <div class=\"promo1\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7; border-color: #6b0e00 #e8e6e6 #e8e6e6;\">\n             \t <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Ganesh Khemnar, Rajendra Garud. SUBAXIAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE: MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE PEDICLES, LAMINAE AND VERTEBRAL FORAMINA. Int J Anat Res 2019;7(2.2):6536-6540.\u00a0<strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2019.162\u00a0 \n             <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Type of Article:\u00a0\u00a0Original Research Volume 7; Issue 2.2 (May 2019) Page No.:\u00a06536-6540 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2019.162 SUBAXIAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE: MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE PEDICLES, LAMINAE AND VERTEBRAL FORAMINA Ganesh Khemnar *1, Rajendra Garud 2. *1 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. 2 Professor and Head of Department of<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2019-162\">+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1871"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1871"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1871\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1883,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1871\/revisions\/1883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}