{"id":1142,"date":"2018-01-04T16:07:17","date_gmt":"2018-01-04T16:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/?page_id=1142"},"modified":"2018-01-04T16:07:30","modified_gmt":"2018-01-04T16:07:30","slug":"ijar-2017-491","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2017-491","title":{"rendered":"IJAR.2017.491"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/ijar.6.1\/IJAR.2017.491.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-cloud-download\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> DOWNLOAD PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ijmhr.org\/ijar-vol-6-1.htm\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#6b0e00;border-color:#560c00;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#98574d;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-book\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Table of Contents<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Type of Article:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Original Research<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Volume 6; Issue 1.1 (January 2018)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Page No.:<\/strong>\u00a04861-4865<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2017.491<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AGENESIS OF ISTHMUS OF THYROID GLAND \u2013 A RARE CASE REPORT IN AN ADULT MALE CADAVER<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Vishali.N *<sup>1<\/sup>, G. Rajathi <sup>2<\/sup>, N. Charanya <sup>2<\/sup>, S.P. Thangaraj <sup>3<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">*<sup>1<\/sup> Associate Professor, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences, Manamai \u2013 Nallur, ECR, Kancheepuram District, Chennai, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>2<\/sup> Assistant Professor, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences, Manamai \u2013 Nallur, ECR, Kancheepuram District, Chennai, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>3<\/sup> Professor and Head, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences, Manamai \u2013 Nallur, ECR, Kancheepuram District, Chennai, India.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Address for Correspondence: <\/strong>Dr. Vishali. N, Associate Professor, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences, Manamai \u2013 Nallur, ECR, Kancheepuram District, Chennai \u2013 603 102, India. <strong>E-Mail: <\/strong>drvishalin@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Introduction: <\/strong>The thyroid gland is a highly vascular endocrine gland. The congenital anomalies of thyroid gland includes thyroglossal cyst, ectopic thyroid tissue and rarely agenesis of one of the lobes or isthmus of thyroid gland. One such rare finding observed in the present study which is highly relevant both to the non \u2013 operative clinician and in operative surgery.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Materials and Methods: <\/strong>During routine dissection on an adult\u00a0 male cadaver in the department of anatomy, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of medical sciences, Chennai, we report agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Results and Discussion:<\/strong> The lobes of the thyroid gland appear to be normal in size, shape and position. Another important rare finding was the presence of levator glandulae thyroideae which arises from the left lobe to the hyoid bone. Agenesis of isthmus and presence of levator glandulae thyroideae from the left lobe might occur due to high separation of thyroglossal duct.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Conclusion:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>The knowledge of normal anatomy and its variation of this vital endocrine gland is highly essential for physicians and surgeons for the repair of any thyroid ailment and also during tracheostomy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>KEY WORDS: <\/strong>Isthmus, Tracheostomy, Thyroglossal Duct, Levator Glandulae Thyroideae.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Eisler P, Der M. Levator glandulae thyreoidea und verwandte praelaryngeale Muskelbildungen. <em>Aant Anz <\/em>1922; 17: 183-96<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gag Decker, DJ du Plessis, Lee Mc Gregor\u2019s synopsis of Surgical Anatomy, 1999; 12<sup>th<\/sup> Edition, Wright Varghese, pp: 198-201.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Moore KL, Persaud TVN. The developing human, clinical oriented embryology. 6th Ed., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Company. 2003; 230\u2013233.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Archana Belavadi Jagadish et al., A cadaveric study of Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland with embryological, genetic bases and clinical significance. Intl. J. Anat. Res. 2016; 4 (2): 2286 \u2013 91.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Omer FO, Mehmet A, Huseyin T, Faruk O, Oztekin C, Muammer Karaayvaz. Agenesis of isthmus of the thyroid gland in a patient with Graves-Basedow disease and a solitary nodule. Case Rep Surg.2013;608481.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marshall CF. Variation in the form of the thyroid in man. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology. 1895;29: 234\u2013239.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pastor V\u00e1zquez JF, Gil Verona JA, De Paz Fern\u00e1ndez FJ, Barbosa Cachorro M. Agenesis of the thyroid isthmus. European Journal of Anatomy. 2006;10(2):83\u201384.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ranade AV, Rai R, Pai MM et al. Anatomical variations of the thyroid gland: possible surgical implications. Singapore Medical Journal. 2008;49(10):831\u2013834.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Won HS, Chung IH. Morphological variations of the thyroid gland in Korean adults. Korean J Phys Antropol 2002;15:119-125.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Joshi SD, Joshi SS, Daimi SR, Athavale SA. The thyroid gland and its variations: a cadaveric study. Folia Morphol(Warsz). 2010 Feb;69(1):47-50.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Daksha D, Shilpa MB, Harsh MP, Ravishankar MV. Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland in adult human cadavers: a case series. Cases Journal. 2009; 2 (4,article 6640).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Harjeet A, Sahni d, Jit I, Aggarwal AK. Shape, measurements and weight of the thyroid gland in northwest Indians. Surg Radiol Anat 2004;26:91-95.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anson BJ. Morris Human Anatomy 12th edition. The Blackinston division Mc Graw Hill Book Co &#8211; Newyork.1996;168-169.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Braun E, Windisch G, Wolf G, Hausleitner L, Anderhuber F. The pyramidal lobe: Clinical anatomy and its importance in thyroid surgery. Surg Radiol Anat 2007;29:21-27.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dumont J E, Vassart G. Thyroid Dysgenesis: Multigenic or Epigeneti. Or Both? Endocrinol. 2005;146(12):5035\u20135037.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kavyashree AN et al., Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland with presence of pyramidal lobe and levator glandulae thyroideae. Journal of Inernational medicine and dentistry, 2014;1(2):93-96.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chaithra RBR , Sreepadma S, Kulkarni MN , Kalghatgi RN. Bilateral Levator Glandulae Thyroideae with Agenesis of Isthmus of Thyroid Gland \u2013A Case Report. Anatomica Karnataka 2012;6(2):81-84.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">De Felice M, Di Lauro R .Thyroid development and its disorders: genetics and molecular mechanisms. Endocr Rev.2004;25:722\u2013746.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jamuna, Manimegalai, Aleyamma Fenn, Deborah Joy Hephzibah Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland. Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science. 2013;3(6):266-267.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\t\t\t <div class=\"promo1\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7; border-color: #6b0e00 #e8e6e6 #e8e6e6;\">\n             \t <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Cite this article:<\/strong><\/span> Vishali.N, G. Rajathi, N. Charanya, S.P. Thangaraj. AGENESIS OF ISTHMUS OF THYROID GLAND \u2013 A RARE CASE REPORT IN AN ADULT MALE CADAVER. Int J Anat Res 2018;6(1.1):4861-4865. <strong>DOI:\u00a0<\/strong>10.16965\/ijar.2017.491\u00a0 \n             <\/div>\t\n\t\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Type of Article:\u00a0\u00a0Original Research Volume 6; Issue 1.1 (January 2018) Page No.:\u00a04861-4865 DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.16965\/ijar.2017.491 AGENESIS OF ISTHMUS OF THYROID GLAND \u2013 A RARE CASE REPORT IN AN ADULT MALE CADAVER Vishali.N *1, G. Rajathi 2, N. Charanya 2, S.P. Thangaraj 3. *1 Associate Professor, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences, Manamai \u2013 Nallur, ECR, Kancheepuram District,<br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/ijar-2017-491\">+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1142"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1142"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1155,"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1142\/revisions\/1155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ijmhr.org\/IntJAnatRes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}